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1) [line 1] PAS TZONENES - cold bread
2) [line 1] CHAVIS MEGUPAH - a sealed barrel
3) [line 8] ROSCHIN - boiling hot
4) [line 10] HISHBI'ACH ULEVA'SOF PAGAM - [its taste was] improved and then in the end ruined

5) [line 16] TZIPORI - a city in the lower Galilee, approximately midway between Tiberias and Haifa. It was the center of Jewish activity after the destruction of the second Beis ha'Mikdash, and it was the seat of the Sanhedrin when the Sanhedrin moved from Beis She'arim, before it moved to Tiberias (where it was disbanded). It became the center of Jewish activity when Rebbi's health needs required that he move there, where the air was fresh (see Kesuvos 103b, Rosh Hashanah 31b).

6) [line 16] KOR'IN OSAM SHACHALAYIM - and this dish [of beans seasoned with vinegar] is called "cress" (since cress is often seasoned with vinegar)

7) [line 19] KOL SHE'EIN CHASEIRAH KELUM - any dish that is lacking nothing (i.e. it is spiced to the required amount). According to this version of Reish Lakish's statement, if the mixture is spoiled but would have tasted good had they added salt, then "Nosen Ta'am li'Fegam" does not apply and the mixture is prohibited.

8) [line 20] V'EINAH NE'ECHELES MIPNEI ZEH - and it gets a bad taste (lit. it is not eaten) solely because of this [prohibited food item that fell into it]

9) [line 24] HASHTA MIHA HA PAGMAH - now, however, it is spoiled. According to this version of Reish Lakish's statement, Reish Lakish rules that as long as the mixture is now spoiled, "Nosen Ta'am li'Fegam" applies and the mixture is permitted (even though it could be improved by merely adding salt or spices).

10) [line 25] KOL SHE'TA'AMO U'MAMASHO, ASUR - any mixture containing the taste and the physical consistency [of the forbidden item,] is forbidden.

11) [line 25] V'LOKIN ALAV - and we administer Malkus for it (see Insights)

12) [last line] V'ZEHU K'ZAYIS BI'CHDEI ACHILAS PERAS - and this is [the meaning of the the law of] the amount of "k'Zayis bi'Chdei Achilas Peras" (K'ZAYIS BI'CHDEI ACHILAS PERAS)
(a) The Torah specifies that a k'Zayis is the amount of food that constitutes a "Ma'aseh Achilah," the minimum Halachically-binding act of eating and digesting. A person who eats a k'Zayis of a food in order to fulfill a Mitzvah (such as Matzah) has fulfilled his requirement. Similarly, someone who eats a k'Zayis of a prohibited food (such as blood or Chelev), is punished for his act.
(b) The Torah also specifies (as a Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai) the amount of time in which a k'Zayis must be eaten in order for the act to be considered a Ma'aseh Achilah. This amount of time, called a "Kedei Achilas Peras," is defined as the amount of time that it takes to eat three (according to Rebbi Yochanan ben Berokah) or four (according to Rebbi Shimon -- Eruvin 82b) Beitzim of bread with relish, while reclining. A person who eats a k'Zayis of Matzah in more than this amount of time has not fulfilled the Mitzvah, and a person who eats a k'Zayis of Isur in more than this amount of time is exempt from punishment.

13) [line 1] TA'AMO V'LO MAMASHO - its taste but not its physical consistency. Rebbi Yochanan continues and says that if the prohibited item retains its taste but does not retain its original consistency, then it is forbidden to be eaten, but eating it is not punishable with Malkus.

14) [line 2] RIBAH TA'AM LI'FEGAM MUTAR - if the prohibited food increased the spoiled taste of the mixture, then it is permitted

15) [line 4] V'HILCHESA K'LISHNA BASRA D'REISH LAKISH - the Halachah follows the second (lit. last) version of Reish Lakish's statement (see above, entry #9)

16) [line 7] LECHAYEI! - Very well! (Excellent suggestion!)
17) [line 12] GI'ULEI OVDEI KOCHAVIM - the prohibited food items of idolaters (the taste of which is absorbed in their utensils, and thus a Jew may not eat any food cooked in those utensils)

18) [line 16] KEDEIRAH BAS YOMA - a pot in which food was cooked within the past day (24 hours)

19) [line 17] PURTA - a little bit

20) [line 17] "LO SOCHLU CHOL NEVEILAH. LA'GER ASHER BI'SHARECHA [TITENENAH VA'ACHALAH, O MACHOR L'NOCHRI...]" - "You shall not eat anything that dies by itself. You shall give it to the stranger who is in your gates, [that he may eat it, or you may sell it to a Nochri...]" (Devarim 14:21) - The Beraisa derives from this verse that whatever is fit for the consumption of the Nochri is called Neveilah, while whatever is not fit for his consumption (that is, he would not eat such a thing) is not called Neveilah. We see from here that once an object of Neveilah has become rotten, it is no longer included in the prohibition of Neveilah.

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