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1) WHEN DO ABSORBED TASTES FORBID?

(a) If old wine fell onto grapes, all agree it forbids them b'Nosen Ta'am (if the Isur can be tasted in the mixture);
(b) (Abaye): If new wine fell onto grapes, it forbids them b'Mashehu (even if only a drop fell in);
(c) (Rava): If new wine (i.e. grape juice) fell onto grapes, it forbids them b'Nosen Ta'am.

1. Abaye says that it forbids them b'Mashehu - we follow the taste, since grapes and grape juice have the same taste, this is like Min b'Mino (when forbidden and permitted quantities of the same species are mixed together), it forbids b'Mashehu (this is like R. Yehudah);
2. Rava says that it forbids b'Nosen Ta'am - we follow the name, grapes and grape juice are different, this is like Min b'She'eino Mino (when forbidden and permitted quantities of different species are mixed together), this forbids b'Nosen Ta'am.

(d) Question (against Abaye - Mishnah): If Yayin Nesech fell onto grapes (if they are broken, they are forbidden; we are thinking that new wine fell.)

1. Suggestion: The wine forbids b'Nosen Ta'am (some explain - since the end of the Mishnah says that only a beneficial taste forbids, and whenever Bitul does not apply, even a detrimental taste forbids).

(e) Answer #1: No, the wine forbids b'Mashehu.
(f) Rejection: The end of the Mishnah says that if it benefits the taste, it forbids - surely, also in the beginning of the Mishnah, it forbids b'Nosen Ta'am!
(g) Answer #2: Old wine fell, all agree that it forbids b'Nosen Ta'am.
(h) (Abaye): If wine vinegar and beer vinegar were mixed together, or wine made from wheat and wine of barely became mixed - since these have different tastes, this is like Min b'She'eino Mino, it forbids b'Nosen Ta'am;
(i) (Rava): Since these have the same name (both are called vinegar (or wine)), this is like Min b'Mino, b'Mashehu.
(j) Version #1 - Rashi - Support (Abaye, for himself - Mishnah): If spices of two or three names from the same species, or from three different species, were mixed together, they join to forbid the food (b'Nosen Ta'am).
(k) Version #2 -Tosfos - Support (Abaye, for himself - Mishnah): If spices of two or three different prohibitions that are all from the same species, or from three different species, were mixed together, they forbid the food (b'Nosen Ta'am); if they were mixed with a dry food, they join to comprise the quantity which does not become Batul (e.g. for Terumah, one in 100). (End of Version #2)

1. (Chizkiyah): The case is, all the spices sweeten.
2. This is like Abaye - since they have the same taste, they join to forbid, even if they are from different names (Rashi; Tosfos - prohibitions) and species!
3. According to Rava, since the names (Tosfos - prohibitions) are different, they should not join!

(l) Answer (Rava): The Mishnah is R. Meir, who says that all prohibitions join.

1. (Beraisa - R. Yehudah citing R. Meir): All prohibitions join to forbid - "Lo Sochal Kol To'evah", all Torah prohibitions are forbidden by this Lav.

(a) If forbidden vinegar fell into (a larger quantity of) permitted wine, all agree that it forbids them b'Nosen Ta'am;
(b) (Abaye): If forbidden wine fell into (a larger quantity of) permitted vinegar, it forbids b'Mashehu;
(c) (Rava): It forbids b'Nosen Ta'am.

1. Abaye says b'Mashehu - the wine receives the smell of the vinegar when it is above it (before it falls in), even though it tastes like wine it is considered vinegar, this is like Min b'Mino;
2. Rava says b'Nosen Ta'am - wine that smells like vinegar and tastes like wine is considered wine, this is like Min b'She'eino Mino.

(d) Version #1 (Rashi): (All permit) a Nochri to smell a Yisrael's wine through Bas Tiha (a hole in the cork - we do not decree, lest the Yisrael smell (and benefit from) the Nochri's wine);
(e) Version #2 (R. Chananel (brought in Rashba)): (All permit) a Nochri to suck a Yisrael's wine through Bas Tiha (a straw, midway through the straw there is a hole, the wine is drawn from the barrel and falls out the hole (to gather it in a vessel) - since the Nochri does not touch the wine, it is permitted);
(f) (Abaye): A Yisrael may not (suck, for he will) smell a Nochri's wine through Bas Tiha.
(g) (Rava): He may smell it.

1. Abaye forbids, he says that smell is important (smelling is like drinking)
2. Rava permits, he says that smell is not important.

(h) Support (for himself - Rava - Mishnah): If bread was baked in an oven heated with cumin of Terumah, Yisraelim may eat the bread, because it does not absorb the taste, only the smell.
(i) Rejection (Abaye): There is different, for the prohibition (the Terumah) is burned.
(j) (Rav Mari): Tana'im argue as Abaye and Rava do.

1. (Mishnah - R. Meir): If one removed hot bread from an oven, and put it on top of a barrel of Terumah wine, the bread is forbidden to a Zar (non-Kohen);
2. R. Yehudah permits it;
3. R. Yosi permits wheat bread, but forbids barley bread, for barley absorbs (the smell of the wine).
4. Suggestion: R. Meir says that smell is important, R. Yehudah says that it is not.

(k) Rejection: Indeed, Rava cannot hold like R. Meir - but even R. Yehudah could hold like Abaye!

1. (Rabah bar bar Chanah): All agree that if warm bread was put on top of an open barrel, it is forbidden (it absorbs a strong smell);
2. All agree that if cold bread was put on top of a closed barrel, it is permitted;
3. They argue about warm bread on a closed barrel and cold bread on an open barrel.
4. Smelling through Bas Tiha is like warm bread on an open barrel!