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1a) [line 4] HA'MECHAMTZAN - a pool of water containing dog excrement, used for soaking clothes that need to be washed. The excrement creates an alkaline solution that acts as a soap to loosen dirt and stains.
b) [line 4] HA'NADYAN - a pool of water that is used for scrubbing and washing clothes after they have soaked in the Mechamtzan

2) [line 6] IKA D'RAMU LEHU MIRMEI - there are those who ask it as a contradiction

3) [line 11] MASNI LAH B'HEDYA - teaches it explicitly
4) [line 15] IM KEN, LI'ARVINHU V'LISNINHU - if so, the phrases should be combined and taught [in the Mishnah as one phrase]

5a) [line 18] (MESUNA) [MESUNASA] - dampness
b) [line 18] HEVLA - heat

6) [line 25] LIBA'I RAVCHA TEFEI - he should need a larger distance [than three Tefachim]

7) [line 27] BAMEH TOMNIN (HATMANAH)
In order to keep food warm for the Shabbos day meal, it is heated on Friday and the pots are completely wrapped in insulating material (the process called Hatmanah) before sunset. If the material used adds heat to the food, the Hatmanah is prohibited.

8a) [line 28] GEFES - olive-waste after their oil has been pressed out
b) [line 28] ZEVEL - dung
c) [line 28] MELACH - salt
d) [line 29] SID - lime, plaster
e) [line 29] CHOL - sand

9a) [line 34] GIZEI TZEMER - shearings of wool
b) [line 35] LESHONOS SHEL ARGAMAN - strips of wool, dyed purple
10) [line 36] TZIFEI TZEMER - fleeces of wool that have been beaten
11) [line 37] MUCHIN - soft substances such as combed wool, rag, lint, etc.
12) [line 38] "YAGID ALAV REI'O" - "The *noise* of the storm tells of it..." (Iyov 36:33) - Abaye takes this verse out of context, using it to mean, "His *companion* will testify about it," as he proceeds to explain.

13) [line 40] LISNINHU L'CHULHU B'CHADA - the entire list should be taught in one of the Mishnayos

14) [line 41] V'LISNI CHADA MINAIHU B'IDACH - and one of them should be taught in the other Mishnah

15) [line 43] MISHTECHEI LAH LI'KEDEIRAH - (a) they (the stones) will break the pot that is being Mutman; (b) they will cause the pot to rust

16a) [line 45] ME'CHAMEMEI CHAYIM - it heats up [a pot that is Mutman]
b) [line 45] MI'KARIREI KARIR - it cools off [a wall]

17) [line 46] HASAM (B'MATUNA) [B'MATUNASA] - There it is referring to damages that are a result of dampness. (He taught a Halachah regarding *wet* sand in the Beraisa that is parallel to our Mishnah.)

18) [line 49] MISHUM DI'KEVI'A - since it is in a fixed place
19) [line 51] KAVU V'KAIMEI - since it is standing water (that can do more damage through seepage)

20) [line 52] MAPOLES YAD - "the throw of a hand," i.e. digging with a spade and planting, without plowing first

21) [line 53] B'CHORESH L'ILANOS - plowing around the tree roots

22) [line 1] LI'TZEDADIN KA MISHTARSHEI - propagate sideways (and tunnel through the soil until they damage the foundations of a wall)

23) [line 1] HA'MAVRICH - (O.F. proveinier) one who puts a shoot from a vine into the ground with its end sticking out of the ground to produce a new plant (once it has rooted, the connecting shoot is severed)

24) [line 5] MACHLIDIN ES HA'KARKA - (a) tunnel through the ground (RASHI);
(b) extract the nourishment from the ground (ARUCH, citing RABEINU CHANANEL)

25) [line 6] MA'ALIN AFAR TICHO'ACH - and cause it to become loose, fine dirt

26a) [line 9] "...V'HICHRATI L'ACHAV MASHTIN B'KIR V'ATZUR V'AZUV B'YISRAEL." - "[Behold, I will bring evil upon you, and will take away your posterity,] and I will cut off from Achav every one who urinates against the wall, and what is shut up and what is left free in Yisrael." (Melachim I 21:21)
b) [line 10] ATZUR - (a) members of his household who are locked up (RADAK); (b) property that is locked in treasuries and vaults (METZUDAS DAVID)
c) [line 10] AZUV - (a) members of his household who are left alive (RADAK); (b) property that is left out in the fields, such as cattle and sheep (METZUDAS DAVID)

27) [line 12] SHOFCHIN - (a) foul-smelling water (RASHI); (b) kitchen waste water (ARUCH)

28) [line 16] KOSEL LEVEINIM - a brick wall (the bricks of the time disintegrated upon contact with urine)

29) [line 18] TZUNMA - a rock or very hard soil
30a) [line 21] MIDI D'DARCHEI L'ISHTUNEI B'KIR - something that normally urinates against a wall
b) [line 21] LO SHEVIKNA LEI - of his I will not leave

31) [line 23] RAKIK - a thin wafer
32) [line 24] AVAH - a thick one
33a) [line 25] (KEIVAN D'ICHAZI) [D'CHEIVAN D'CHAZI] LEI - since he can see it
b) [line 26] LO MEVATEL LEI - he does not abandon it such that it is considered part of the wall

34) [line 26] MIM'IS - it decomposes

35) [line 29] EINO CHOTZETZ BIFNEI HA'TUM'AH (TUM'AS OHEL)
(a) For a discussion of the extent of Tum'ah that is generated by an object that causes Tum'as Ohel, see Background to Bava Kama 105:13.
(b) When an object that can be Metamei b'Ohel is located in an Ohel, the Ohel makes everything in it Tamei and protects anything that is above it from becoming Tamei. That is, an Ohel is *Mevi* Tum'ah (spreads Tum'ah inside of it) and is *Chotzetz* from Tum'ah (intervenes between the Tum'ah and the space above the Ohel, preventing Tum'ah from spreading above it).
(c) However, not all objects that cover Tum'ah are Mevi and Chotzetz. There are objects that are Mevi and not Chotzetz and other objects that are Chotzetz and not Mevi and even others that are neither Mevi nor Chotzetz (Ohalos 8:5). An object that is flying through the air, such as a bird or a Talis that is carried or caught up by the wind, are not Ohalim and are not Mevi or Chotzetz, even if they are one Tefach wide.

36) [line 31] GEROGEROS - dried figs
37) [line 34] SARYA - spoiled, rotten
38) [line 35] CHAZI L'TINA - it is fit for use to make mortar
39) [line 35] D'IS BEI KOTZEI - it has thorns in it
40) [line 35] CHAZI L'HASAKAH - it is fit for use as fuel for kindling
41) [line 36] (MESUNA) [MESUNASA] - damp
42) [line 38] HITRIFU - they became wormy
43) [last line] IY D'FUMA L'VAR - if its mouth is pointing outward (towards the room that does not have Tum'as Mes in it)

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