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Bava Metzia 45
1) [line 13] HA'PORET SELA MI'MA'OS MA'ASER SHENI - one who exchanges [the
small, copper, Perutah] coins he used to redeem his Ma'aser Sheni for a
[large, silver] Sela coin (to carry with him to Yerushalayim)
2) [line 14] B'CHOL HA'SELA MA'OS - one may exchange all of his Perutos for
silver coins
3) [line 15] B'SHEKEL KESEF; B'SHEKEL MA'OS - for each Sela's worth of
Perutos of Ma'aser Sheni, he may exchange one half of them for a Shekel of
Kesef while he must leave the other half of them as Perutos of copper (which
he will need in Yerushalayim)
4) [line 16] L'GABEI PERITEI MECHALELINAN - [Ma'aser Sheni] may been
redeemed with [copper] Perutos
5) [line 30] HA'PORET SELA SHEL MA'ASER SHENI B'YRUSHALAYIM - one who
exchanges a [silver] Sela coin that he used to redeem his Ma'aser Sheni for
[the small, copper,] Perutos in Yerushalayim [in order to buy food]
45b---------------------------------------45b
6) [line 1] SHEMA YISH'HEH ALIYOSAV - lest he put off his pilgrimages to the
Beis ha'Mikdash (Aliyah l'Regel)
7a) [line 1] ZIMNIN D'LO MALU ZUZEI B'DINARA - if the situation should arise
that he will not have enough silver Ma'aser coins to exchange for a gold
Dinar
b) [line 2] V'LO MASIK (LEHU) - and he will not take them with him
8) [line 12] MATBE'A NA'ASEH CHALIPIN - coins can be used to effect a Kinyan
Chalipin (barter) (KINYAN SUDAR)
(a) When a person acquires an object, he must make a Ma'aseh Kinyan, a
formal Halachically-binding act denoting his acquisition of the object, in
order for the acquisition to be irrevocably binding. Depending on what
object one is acquiring, different Kinyanim are used.
(b) One of the forms of Kinyan that may be used for the acquisition of
Metaltelin (mobile items) is Kinyan Chalipin (exchange or barter), i.e.
taking another object to demonstrate one's consent for the Kinyan (or for an
agreement).
(c) The source for Kinyan Chalipin is the verse in Ruth 4:7-8, in which this
Kinyan is used by Bo'az. Although Kinyan Chalipin may be accomplished
through the barter of two equally-valued items, it is normally no more than
a symbolic act in which an object of little value is exchanged in order to
represent the acquisition of an object of value. For example, Chalipin may
be accomplished by taking possession momentarily of a scarf or piece of
cloth (Sudar) that belongs to the other party in order to make a Kinyan on
another object that is being transferred. For this reason, Chalipin is also
known as "Kinyan Sudar." (The other object is not simply handed over to the
buyer to make the Kinyan with Meshichah either because it is not present or
because it is too large or it is unfeasible to hand it over, for example in
the case of the transfer of land.)
(d) The Gemara records a Machlokes among the Amora'im as to whether the
Sudar used in the symbolic Kinyan is given by the buyer (in *exchange* for
the object that is being acquired) or by the seller (*along with* the object
that is being acquired). The Halachic ruling is that the buyer gives the
Sudar, and in return he acquires the object that is being transferred (Bava
Metzi'a 47b).
9) [line 15] TZURSA AVIDA D'BATLA - the figure on a coin gets worn off
10) [line 37] KEMOS SHE'HU, KED'AMAR LEI - as he stipulated
11) [line 41] MIDI D'HAVAH A'PEIRA L'RAV NACHMAN - similar to [the nature of
Chalipin with regard to] merchandise according to Rav Nachman (in which
anything that is not a utensil is not fit to be used in place of the
Sudar -- see above, entry #8)
12) [last line] GOREN - a threshing floor [among the fields]
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