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CHARTS FOR LEARNING THE DAILY DAF

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Bava Metzia Chart #17 (see also Hebrew Charts)

Bava Metzia Daf 92b

IS IT PERMITTED FOR THE FATHER OR MASTER OF A HIRED LABORER TO BE "KOTZETZ" (receive money instead of letting the laborer eat from the fruits of the field)(1)
  (A)
IF HE PROVIDES THEM WITH FOOD
(B)
IF HE DOES NOT PROVIDE THEM WITH FOOD
1) HIS ADULT CHILDREN Yes Yes(2)
2) HIS MINOR CHILDREN No(3) No
3) HIS ADULT SERVANTS Yes Yes(2)
4) HIS MINOR SERVANTS
(if it is permitted for a slave's master to withhold his food)
mi'Shelo(4): Yes**(5)
mi'Shel Shamayim: No*
mi'Shelo(4): Yes**
mi'Shel Shamayim: No*
5) HIS MINOR SERVANTS
(if it is not permitted for a slave's master to withhold his food)
mi'Shelo(4): Yes**
mi'Shel Shamayim: No
No*
* - this is the case of the Mishnah
** - this is the case of the Beraisa

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FOOTNOTES:
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(1) "Kotzetz" refers to stipulating with the employer that he will receive money in place of what [he or] his son or servant by right is permitted to eat from the fruits in the field while working.
(2) The reason why he may stipulate that the employer give him money instead of letting his adult children, or adult servants, eat from the fruit of the field is that since they are adults, they have the intellectual maturity to forego their rights to the fruit.
(3) The reason why he may not stipulate that he receive money instead of letting them eat is because the Torah does not give him the right to cause them bodily distress (by withholding food from them), as the Gemara (93a) concludes (see Rashi DH Mar Savar). However, the Gemara initially thought that, if "mi'Shelo Hu Ochel" (see below, footnote 4), as long as he provides them with other food he *may* stipulate that the employer give him money instead of letting them eat while they work. (This might also be true according to the Gemara's conclusion, according to the opinion that holds that a slave's master is permitted to withhold food from the slave. See Maharsha to Tosfos 93a, DH Ela.)
(4) The Gemara questions whether the fruit that a laborer is entitled to eat while he is working belongs to him as a monetary right ("mi'Shelo Hu Ochel"), or whether it does not belong to him but the Torah gives him permission to eat it ("mi'Shel Shamayim Hu Ochel"). (5) See Tosfos 93a, DH Ela, and Maharsha.


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