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1)

(a) In a case where Reuven produces an undated Sh'tar that he has rented Shimon's house for ten years, Rava Amar Rav Nachman rules that if Shimon claims that Reuven has already been in the house for five years and Reuven counters that he has been there for only three, Shismon is believed.
Why is that?

(b) What did Rav Acha subsequently ask Ravina about a case where Reuven produced a Sh'tar that he had lent Shimon a hundred Zuz, and the latter claimed that he had already paid back half?

(c) What did Ravina reply? Why are the two cases not comparable?

(a) What does Rav Nachman mean when he says 'Sho'el Adam be'Tuvo Le'olam'?

(b) How does Rav Mari B'rah de'Bas Shmuel qualify this ruling?

(c) What happens to the broken pieces, should the object break?

(a) What distinction does Rava draw between someone who borrows a spade to dig 'this orchard' and 'an orchard'?

(b) If he stipulated 'orchards', then he is permitted to dig all the orchards that he owns.
What is Rava's Chidush? Is this not obvious?

(c) And what distinction does Rav Papa make between someone who asks to borrow ...

1. ... 'this fountain' and 'a fountain', and it caves in, on the one hand, or if he asks to borrow ...
2. ... 'a place to dig a fountain' on the other?

(d) How do we qualify this final case (see Ritva)?

(a) What does our Mishnah say about a rented apartment which collapsed?

(b) Is the owner permitted to change from ...

1. ... a small apartment to a large one or vice-versa?
2. ... a one-room apartment to a two-room one or vice-versa?

(c) What else is he forbidden to change?

(a) Why can the Tana of our Mishnah not be speaking when the owner originally agreed to rent the hirer ...

1. ... 'this apartment'?
2. ... 'an apartment'?

(b) On what grounds do we object to Resh Lakish, who initially establishes the Mishnah when he stipulated that the apartment that he is renting him was such and such a size ... ?

(c) So how did Ravin quoting Resh Lakish finally establish our Mishnah? Where is the house standing for this to be a Chidush?

6)

(a) What does the Tana of our Mishnah say about someone who is Mekabel a field, with regard to harvesting, weeding and plowing?

(b) What does the Tana mean by ...

1. ... 'Mekabel'?
2. ... 'La'charosh Acharehah'?

(c) In a case where he received the field be'Kablanus' and they divide the produce, or the wine in the case of a vineyard, do they also divide the straw and the stubble, or the cut branches and the canes?

(d) Who provides the canes initially?

7)

(a) Can the owner force the Mekabel to change any of the above Minhagim?

(b) If one of them wants the crops to be uprooted where the Minhag is to cut them, on what grounds can ...

1. ... the owner object?
2. ... the Mekabel object?

(c) And if either of them wants to cut the crops where the Minhag is to uproot them, on what grounds can ...

1. ... the owner object?
2. ... the Mekabel object?

(d) What is the Tana teaching us when he concludes 'u'Sheneihem Me'akvin Zeh al Zeh'?

(a) 'Where the Minhag is for the Mekabel to plow after the cutting, he is obligated to plow'.
Why does the Tana need to tell us this? Is it not obvious?

(b) Why is he then Chayav to plow again afterwards?

(c) The Tana of our Mishnah add 'ha'Kol ke'Minhag ha'Medinah', to teach us that in a place where the Minhag is to rent fruit-trees that line the border of the field to the Mekabel of a field of crops, then the owner is obligated to do so, and where it is not, then he is not.
What is the significance of these trees?

(d) Why does the Tana find it necessary to teach us that in a place where the Minhag is ...

1. ... to rent fruit-trees that line the border of the field to the Mekabel, then the owner must do so? Why might we have thought otherwise?
2. ... not to do so, then he is not? Is that too, not obvious?

(e) Why do we not accept both sets of arguments?

(a) Rav Yosef says that ...

1. ... in Bavel, it was the Minhag not to give straw to an Aris.
   Why does he need to tell us this?
2. ... it is the job of the owner to arrange Buchra, Tafsa, Arkavta and Kani de'Chizra.
   What are Buchra, Tafsa and Arkavta?

(b) Although, as we just explained, Rav Yosef obligates the owner to arrange the Kani de'Chizra, the Aris arranges the Chizra itself.
What is ...

1. ... 'Kani de'Chizra'?
2. ... 'Chizra'?

(c) What is the underlying principle behind this distinction?

(d) Whom does Rav Yosef obligate to provide ...

1. ... the hoe and the shovel, the bucket and the water-pitcher?
2. ... the irrigation ditches?

(a) We also learned in our Mishnah that the owner and the Mekabel share the canes.
What purpose do the canes serve?

(b) Having taught us that the owner and the Mekabel share the canes, why does the Tana need to add that initially, they both supply them? Is that not obvious?

(a) What is ...

1. ... a 'Beis ha'Shalachin'?
2. ... a 'Beis ha'Ilan'?

(b) If the fountain dried up or the tree died, when will the Mekabel remain obligated to pay his full dues and when will he be Patur?

(c) Why can the Reisha of our Mishnah not be speaking when the main river dried up?

(d) So how does Rav Papa establish it? Why does the Mekabel then remain obligated to pay the owner?

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