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Eruvin 26

ERUVIN 26-29 has been sponsored by Rabbi and Mrs. Eli Turkel of Ra'anana, Israel

1) [line 1] SHALFINHU - he pulled them out
2) [line 2] NAKTINHU MI'BASREI - they picked them up from behind him (and took them away)

*3*) [line 7] AMAR LEI RAV PAPA L'RAVA - Rav Papa cited proof that Rava was indeed correct in his ruling, which is why he uprooted the sticks of Rav Huna bar Chinena in the first place (RASHI, in his first explanation); alternatively Rav Papa changed his mind and decided he -- and Rava -- was incorrect in uprooting Rav Huna bar Chinena's sticks (RASHI, in his second explanation; see Insights)

4) [line 8] ADRACHLIN - builders
*5*) [line 10] KEIVAN D'L'TZENI'USA AVIDA - since the wall around the orchard was made simply for privacy (Rashi's first explanation); alternatively, since the walls of the *Avarneka* were only made for privacy (Rashi's second explanation)

6) [line 13] HA'ASUYAH L'NACHAS - (a) that is made for the protection of what is placed there (RASHI); (b) according to the Girsa *SHE'EINAH* ASUYAH L'NACHAS - that is not made to be permanent (RABEINU CHANANEL)

7) [line 14] ARSEYASA - neighborhood
8) [line 15] PEIRA D'VEI TOREI - the ditches where date pits were stored as food for oxen

9) [line 19] BEIS KUR (MEASUREMENTS)
A Beis Kur is a parcel of land in which a Kur (= 30 Se'ah) of grain is normally planted. The area of a Beis Kur is 75,000 square Amos, approximately 17,280 square meters (186,000 square feet) or 24,883 square meters (267,837 square feet), depending upon the differing Halachic opinions

  • 1 KUR = 30 SE'AH
  • 1 EIFAH = 3 SE'AH
  • 1 SE'AH = 6 KAV
  • 1 KAV = 4 LUG
  • 1 LUG = 6 BEITZIM
10) [line 21] ISTERATYA SHEL MELECH - an enclosed area behind a palace where kings stroll

11) [line 23] "CHATZER HA'TICHONAH" - "the middle court" (Melachim II 20:4) - In this verse, these words are actually written "*ha'Ir* (= the city) ha'Tichonah." This teaches us that Rebbi Eliezer permits carrying in an area that was not enclosed for living purposes even if it is as big as an average sized city, (which is forty se'ah according to Chananya and thirty Se'ah according to Rebbi Ilai).

12) [line 31] DILMA ASI L'IGRUYEI BEI SATAN - it may cause Satan to start up with them

26b---------------------------------------26b

13) [line 31] V'HEVI KI ORACH L'GABAIHU - in order to be considered a guest with regard to the rest of the inhabitants of the courtyard

14) [line 36] ATZVASA CHARUZEYASA - (a) the thick fibrous substance that grows around a palm tree (RASHI); (b) thick thorny creepers that grow on a palm tree, whose leaves are shaped like a scorpion (RAMBAM, Peirush ha'Mishnayos, TIFERES YISRAEL)

*****PEREK #3 BA'KOL ME'ARVIN*****

15) [line 38] BA'KOL ME'ARVIN - an Eruv can be made with any type of food (Rashi claims that this refers to Eruvei Chatzeiros and Eruvei Techumin. Other Rishonim state that this refers to Eruvei Techumin only; Eruvei Chatzeiros can only be made with bread

16) [line 38] ME'ARVIN
(a) A person is only allowed to walk a distance of 2000 Amos, approximately 960 meters (3147 feet) or 1,152 meters (3774 feet), depending upon the differing Halachic opinions, from his city or dwelling place (if he is not in a city) on Shabbos or Yom Tov. If he wants to walk another 2000 Amos, he must make an Eruv Techumin.
(b) This is accomplished by placing an amount of one food that would be used for two meals nearly 2000 Amos away from his present location, in the direction in which he wishes to walk. The location where his food is placed is considered his new dwelling for that Shabbos or Yom Tov, and he may walk 2000 Amos in any direction from there.

17) [line 38] MISHTATFIN
(a) THE TORAH LAW - According to Torah law, in a courtyard (Chatzer) which has in it houses owned by different people, all of the neighbors may transfer objects from their houses to the courtyard and into other houses on Shabbos. Even though each house is a separate Reshus ha'Yachid, it is permissible to move objects from one Reshus ha'Yachid to another. Such is also the case when several *courtyards* open on a dead-end alley (Mavoy - the Rabanan enacted that a Mavoy must have a Lechi or Korah, see Introduction to Maseches Eruvin), or when an entire city is walled. (RAMBAM Hilchos Eruvin 1:1)
(b) ERUV AND SHITUF - King Shlomo decreed that transferring objects from a *private* Reshus ha'Yachid to a *public* one is forbidden, unless an *Eruv Chatzeiros* (lit. a mixing of the courtyard, Rambam Hil. Eruvin 1:6; or fraternization of the courtyard, Eruvin 49a) is created on Friday, before Shabbos begins. (Shabbos 14b, Eruvin 21b). (The equivalent of an Eruv Chatzeiros for an alley or a city is called a *Shituf Mavo'os*.) This is accomplished by all of the neighbors collectively setting aside a loaf of bread, in one common container, in one of the houses of the courtyard (or, in the case of Shituf, in one of the courtyards of the alleyway). This shows that all neighbors have an equal share in all of the Reshuyos ha'Yachid, just as they all have a share in that bread. Through this act, they can be considered one Reshus again. (An Eruv Chatzeros uses bread. A Shituf is not limited to bread; any food may be used except for water, salt and mushrooms.) (RAMBAM ibid. 1:4-9)

18) [last line] BEIS HA'PRAS
(a) There are three types of Beis ha'Pras: (1) a field in which a grave was plowed over, scattering the bones in all directions; (2) a field in which there is a grave that we cannot find; (3) a field on the edge of a town where a corpse was brought for burial. In the latter instance, we suspect that: (a) part of the corpse may have dislodged and remains in the field, or (b) the corpse was inadvertently left there and not taken to a cemetery as all. Our Mishnah is discussing the first type, (a).
(b) The Rabbanan decreed that the field is Metamei in every direction from the grave for the length of the furrow of a plow, which is 50 Amos. This results in an area of 100 Amos by 100 Amos around the grave.
(c) The Bartenura offers three explanations as to why the word "Pras" was used:

(1) the Tum'ah *spreads* (Pores) out in all directions
(2) the bones are *broken* (Perusim)
(3) peoples *feet* (Parsos) stay away from there
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