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Gitin 11

GITIN 11 - Dedicated by Al and Sophia Ziegler (Har Nof) in loving memory of Al's mother, Chaya bas Berel Dov Ziegler.

1) [line 10] GITEI MAMON - document dealing with monetary matters (as opposed to documents of Gitin and Shichrurei Avadim)

2) [line 13] TZAIDAN - (a) Sidon, a city on the Mediterranean coast, to the north of modern-day Israel. It was the capital of Phonecia. It is within the northwest boundary of the Holy Land (Bamidbar 34:7); (b) a small city that was situated north of Lake Kineres, to the east of the Yarden River

3) [line 23] SHEMA - a name
4) [line 23] ASRA - a place
5) [line 24] KENUFI'ASA D'ARAMA'EI - an assembly or a meeting place of the Nochrim that was not an official legal body

6) [line 26] SHETARA PARSA'AH - a document written in Persian signed by Persian commoners

7) [line 26] D'MASREI NIHALEI B'APEI SAHADEI YISRAEL - that was delivered to him (the person to whom the Shtar was directed) before Jewish witnesses

8) [line 27] MAGVINAN BEI - he is allowed to collect with it
9) [line 27] MI'BENEI CHOREI - (lit. from those that are free) from fields that do not have a lien on them

10) [line 29] L'ZAYEIF - to forge
11) [line 29] AFITZAN - it happened to be processed with ground gall nuts (Afatzim)
12) [line 30] SHITAH - line
13) [line 31] MESHA'ABDEI - (lit. from those that are indentured) from fields that have a lien on them

14) [line 31] LEIS LEI KOLA - (lit. it has no voice) the information in it will not become well known

11b---------------------------------------11b

15) [line 3] LO SHECHICHEI YISRAEL D'MASKEI BI'SHEMA'HASAIHU - it is extremely uncommon for Jews to have such names

16) [line 6] MEDINAS HA'YAM - a land overseas (i.e. a distant land)

17) [line 16] ZACHIN L'ADAM SHE'LO B'FANAV V'EIN CHAVIN LO ELA B'FANAV
(a) When a person buys or sells an object, or marries or divorces a woman, he must make a Ma'aseh Kinyan (a formal Halachically-binding act denoting the change in status). This act may be performed by the Shali'ach (agent) of the person who makes the Kinyan instead of the person himself.
(b) When the acquisition of a certain object is unquestionably beneficial for a person, even though he has not appointed a Shali'ach to do so, someone may acquire it for the person as if he were his Shali'ach. This act is called Zachin l'Adam she'Lo b'Fanav. The Rishonim argue as to why "Zachin" works. Some state that there is an "Anan Sahadei" (lit. "we are witnesses," - i.e. it is as clear to us as if he stated it himself) that the person would have made him a Shali'ach in this case (RASHI to Gitin 9b DH Yachzor, TOSFOS to Kesuvos 11a DH Matbilin). Other Rishonim claim that "Zachin" does not work through a vehicle of Shelichus at all, since it also works for minors who Halachically cannot appoint Shelichim. Rather, the Torah created a new law called "Zachin..." that allows one person to acquire an object for another person in such cases (RAN to Kidushin 42a -- this may be an argument among the Tana'im in Bava Basra 156b).
(c) The Rishonim write that if the recipient expresses (afterwards, when he finds out about the Zechiyah) that he does not wish to accept the object, he does not obtain ownership (although in rare instances the Rishonim suggest that "Zachin" would work even if the recipient refuses the acquisition when he hears about it -- see RASHBA to Kidushin 23b).

18) [line 18] SHE'LO LAZUN ES ISHTO EINO RASHAI - a person is obligated to give his wife sustenance

19) [line 20] POSEL ES AVDO MIN HA'TERUMAH - he may invalidate his slave from eating Terumah

20) [line 23] KA MENAMNEM - and he was dozing
21) [line 24] HA'TOFES L'VA'AL CHOV - one who seizes [the property of a debtor] for the benefit of a creditor

22) [line 26] IT'AR BEHU RAV YIRMIYAH - Rebbi Yirmeyah aroused himself before them

23) [line 27] DARDEKEI! - You young students! (who have not reached a level where they can make analytical deductions)

24) [line 30] ZECHU - acquire [for him] (and it is not a case of Tofes l'Ba'al Chov b'Makom she'Chav l'Acheirim)

25) [line 33] PE'AH
The corner, or end, of the harvest must be left in the field for the poor, as it states "Lo Sechaleh Pe'as Sadecha Liktzor...le'Ani vela'Ger Ta'azov Osam." - "Do not completely harvest the corner of your field...you shall leave them (the gifts of Pe'ah, Leket, Olelos and Peret) for the poor and the stranger." (Vayikra 19:9-10)

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