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1) THE DAY REBBI EXPIRED

(a) The day Rebbi expired, Chachamim had decreed a fast, and were praying for him.

1. They said - whoever will say, 'Rebbi's soul rested' will be stabbed.

(b) Rebbi's slave went on the roof. 'The higher beings want Rebbi, and also the lower beings - it should be Hash-m's will that the lower beings' request is done.'

1. When she saw how often Rebbi had to go to relieve himself, and remove his Tefilin, and put them on again, and his pain - she said, 'It should be Hash-m's will that the higher beings' request is done.'

i. Chachamim continued to pray that Rebbi live. She took pottery and threw it to the ground. Chachamim stopped praying, and Rebbi died.

(c) Chachamim told Bar Kapara to check how Rebbi was. He found that he had died. He tore his clothes, and folded them back so they would not appear torn.

1. Bar Kapara: Angels and Tzadikim grabbed the Holy Ark - the angels overpowered, and took the Ark.
2. Chachamim: Rebbi died?!
3. Bar Kapara: You said it, not me.

(d) When Rebbi died, he stuck his 10 fingers towards Heaven. 'Hash-m, you know that I toiled with all 10 fingers in Torah, and did not enjoy even as my small finger - it should be your will that I will have Shalom in my eternal rest.'

1. A voice from Heaven proclaimed, "He will come to Shalom, they will rest on their beds".
2. Question: It should say, 'On your bed'!
3. Answer: This supports R. Chiya Bar Gamda.

i. (R. Chiya Bar Gamda): When a Tzadik leaves this world, angels tell Hash-m; Hash-m commands the Tzadikim to greet him - afterwards, they return to their beds.

(e) (R. Elazar): When a Tzadik leaves this world, 3 groups of angels greet him. One groups says, 'Come in Shalom'; one group says, 'He goes straightly'; the 3rd says, "He will come to Shalom, they will rest on their beds";
(f) When an evil person leaves this world, 3 groups of damaging angels greet him. One groups says, "Hash-m said to the wicked, there is no Shalom"; one says, "In sadness you will lie down"; the 3rd says, "Descend and lie with the uncircumcised".

(a) (Mishnah - R. Meir): The entire time a widow is in her father's house, she may always collect her Kesuvah; if she is in her (late) husband's house, she can collect until 25 years, for in 25 years, she does favors (with the orphans' money) equivalent to her Kesuvah;
(b) Chachamim say, the entire time she is in her husband's house, she may always collect her Kesuvah; if she is in her father's house, she can collect until 25 years;

1. If she died, her heirs mention her Kesuvah within 25 years.

(c) Question (Abaye): The poorest in Yisrael does favors equal to her Kesuvah in 25 years, and also the richest?
(d) Answer (Rav Yosef): The cost of the favors she does is proportional to her Kesuvah.
(e) Question: According to R. Meir, if she requests her Kesuvah within 25 years, do we deduct proportionally for the favors she has done?

1. This question is unresolved.

(f) Chachamim say, the entire time ...
(g) Question (Abaye): If she requests her Kesuvah before dark (on the last day of the 25 years), she collects; if she comes after dark, she does not collect?!
(h) Answer (Rav Yosef): All measures of Chachamim are that way!

1. A person can immerse in 40 Sa'im of water - if a tiny amount is lacking from this, his body will not fit?!

(i) (Rav Yehudah): R. Yishmael b'Rebbi Yosi testified, the 25 year limit only applies if she does not have her Kesuvah (the document) - but if she has her Kesuvah, she can always collect;
(j) (R. Elazar): Even if she has her Kesuvah, she can only collect until 25 years.
(k) Question (Rav Sheshes - Beraisa): A creditor collects even though he never mentioned the debt.

1. Question: What is the case?

i. Suggestion: If he has no document - with what does he collect?

2. Answer: Rather, he has a document - and only a creditor collects without having mentioned the debt, since he would not pardon the debt, but we would assume that a widow pardoned the Kesuvah!

(l) Answer (Rav Sheshes): Really, the creditor has no document - the case is, the borrower admits that he never paid.
(m) Question: But R. Ilai taught a Beraisa - A divorcee is as a creditor!

1. Question: What is the case?

i. Suggestion: If she does not have her Kesuvah - with what does she collect?

2. Answer: Rather, she has her Kesuvah - and only a divorcee collects, since she would not pardon the Kesuvah, but we would assume that a widow pardoned the Kesuvah!

(n) Answer: Here also, she does not have the Kesuvah - the case is, the husband admits that he never paid.
(o) (Rav Nachman - Beraisa): If she demanded payment of the Kesuvah, she gets another 25 years; if she has her Kesuvah, she can always collect.

(p) Questions (Rav Nachman Bar Rav Chisda): Do the Tana'im argue when she has the Kesuvah, or when she doesn't? As whom is the law?
(q) Answer (Rav Nachman): They argue when she does not have the Kesuvah; the law is as Chachamim.
(r) (Rav Dimi): The 25 year limit is only for the basic Kesuvah (100 or 200) - but she may always collect any addition to the Kesuvah.
(s) (R. Avahu): Even the addition may only be collected for 25 years.

1. (R. Aibo): Conditions of the Kesuvah are as the Kesuvah.

(t) (R. Aba citing Rav Huna citing Rav): The 25 year limit is only for the basic Kesuvah, but she may always collect any addition to the Kesuvah.

1. R. Aba: Did Rav really say that?
2. Rav Huna: Do you dispute me, or commend me?
3. R. Aba: I dispute you.

(a) The mother-in-law of R. Chiya Arichta married his brother; the brother died, and she lived by her father. He fed her there for 25 years; she demanded that he still feed her.

1. R. Chiya Arichta: You are no longer entitled to food.
2. The widow: Give me my Kesuvah.
3. R. Chiya Arichta: You are not entitled to food, nor the Kesuvah.

(b) They came before Rabah Bar Shila.

1. R. Chiya Arichta: I fed her for 25 years - I swear, I personally carried the food on my shoulder!
2. Rabah Bar Shila: The reason Chachamim say that she may always collect in her husband's house is because she is too embarrassed to demand the Kesuvah - the same applies here - go pay her!

(c) R. Chiya Arichta did not comply; Rabah Bar Shila wrote an Adrachta (a document authorizing her to collect from his property). They came in front of Rava.

1. R. Chiya Arichta: Do you see how he judged me! 2. Rava: He judged you properly.
3. The widow: If so, he should return the fruit of the property from the time the Adrachta was written.
4. Rava noticed that the Adrachta did not say 'It became known to us that this property belonged to the deceased'; he ruled that it was invalid.
5. The widow: At least give me fruits from the end of the auction of the property until now.
6. Rava: You are only entitled to them if the Adrachta had no mistake - here, it was an error, you do not receive the fruits!
7. The widow: But you yourself hold that if responsibility to compensate (if sold land is taken by a creditor) is omitted from a document, we say this was a mistake of the scribe, and we view the document as if responsibility is written in it!
8. Rava: Here, we cannot say it is a scribe's oversight - Rabah Bar Shila himself thought it makes no difference which property of R. Chiya Arichta is used to pay the Kesuvah (even though there was only a lien on what he inherited from his brother).

i. This is a mistake - if she collects from property on which there was no lien, she may improve the property, and the property with the lien may depreciate, and the heir will take back his improved property, and give her the depreciated property!
ii. This will cause people to look down on Beis Din (for not protecting the widow).

4) JUDGES THAT MADE DECREES

(a) (Mishnah): There were 2 judges in Yerushalayim that made decrees, Admon and Chanan Ben Avishalom. Chanan said 2 laws; Admon, 7.
(b) A man went overseas; his wife is demanding food. Chanan says, she swears when she collects the Kesuvah in the end, not at the beginning; the sons of Kohanim Gedolim said, she swears at the beginning and the end;