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1) [line 1] HAVAH AMINA LA'SATAN, "GIRA B'EINEICH" - I would have said to Satan (i.e. the Yetzer ha'Ra, the tempter -- see Bava Basra 16a), "This is an arrow in your eyes!" (i.e. this would have enabled me to defy him)

2) [line 2] AD'YADACH AL TZAVEREI DI'VERICH - (lit. While your hand is still on the neck of your son) (a) While you are still able to influence your son and he listens to your reproof, take for him a wife! (b) While you are still able to influence your son, take care to constructively criticize all of his bad traits and instruct him in proper behavior and attitudes!

3a) [line 10] MIKRA - scriptures
b) [line 10] MISHNAH - the Oral Law, transmitted to Moshe at Mount Sinai
c) [line 11] TALMUD - Talmudic methodology used to analyze the Mishnayos
d) [line 11] HALACHOS - the traditions that Moshe received on Mount Sinai (Halachah l'Moshe mi'Sinai)
e) [line 11] AGADOS - homiletic, non-Halachic, parts of Torah

4) [line 29] CHOREV - Mount Sinai

5a) [line 30] D'SHADI DISNA A'REISHEI - who had hastily thrown a cloth (that was unfit for the traditional turban or wrapped head covering of a Torah scholar) upon his head
b) [line 31] V'KA MAMTI LEI L'YENUKA L'VEI CHENISHTA - and he was bringing his son to the Beis ha'Keneses (the synagogue, where the young boys were taught)

6) [line 32] MI ZUTAR...? - Is it little (i.e. of no significance)...?

7a) [line 35] LO TA'IM UMTZA - did not taste coal-roasted meat, a breakfast food of that time
b) [line 35] AD D'MAKREI L'YENUKA U'MOSFEI - until he reviewed with his son [the verses that he had taught him on the previous day] and added [at least another verse]

8) [line 41] VAV D'"GACHON" - the letter Vav in the word "Gachon" from the verse "Kol Holech Al Gachon..." - "What ever creeps upon the belly, [and whatever crawls upon all four, or whatever has more feet among all creeping things that creep upon the earth, those you shall not eat; for they are an abomination.]" (Vayikra 11:42). This letter marks the midpoint of the letters of the Torah, and is a Vav Rabasi (a Vav that is meant to be written slightly larger in size than the print of the rest of the Torah)

9) [line 42] "DAROSH DARASH" - the words "Darosh Darash" from the verse "v'Es Se'ir ha'Chatas Darosh Darash Moshe..." - "And Moshe diligently sought the goat of the [Korban] Chatas, [and, behold, it was burned; and he was angry with Elazar and Isamar, the sons of Aharon, who were left alive, saying,]" (Vayikra 10:16). These two words mark the midpoint of the words of the Torah.

10) [line 43] AYIN D'"YA'AR" - the letter Ayin in the word "Ya'ar" from the verse "Yecharsemenah Chazir mi'Ya'ar..." - "The boar from the wood destroys it, [and the wild beast of the field devours it.]" (Tehilim 80:14). This letter marks the midpoint of the letters of the book of Tehilim.

11a) [line 46] CHASEIROS - words that the Mesorah (the authoritative "Tradition," see Background to Kidushin 18:11) dictates that they be written with missing letters
b) [line 46] YESEIROS - words that the Mesorah dictates that they be written with extra letters

12) [line 49] B'MA'ARAVA - in Eretz Yisrael
13) [line 51] "V'SHINANTAM..." - "And you shall teach them (the words of the Torah) diligently [to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise up.]" (Devarim 6:7)

14) [last line] MECHUDADIM - sharp
15) [last line] AL TEGAMGEM V'SOMAR LO, ELA EMOR LO MIYAD - do not stutter and fumble with the words, but rather answer immediately!

16) [line 1] "EMOR LA'CHOCHMAH ACHOSI AT, [U'MODA LA'BINAH SIKRA.]" - "Say to wisdom, 'You are my sister,' [and call understanding, 'friend.']" (Mishlei 7:4)

17) [line 5] "ASHREI HA'GEVER ASHER MILEI AS ASHPASO MEHEM; LO YEVOSHU KI YEDABRU ES OYVIM BA'SHA'AR" - "Happy is the man who has his quiver full of them; they shall not be put to shame, but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate." (Tehilim 127:5)

18) [line 12] "...ES VAHEV B'SUFAH..." - "[Therefore it is said in the Book of the Wars of HaSh-m,] Vahev in Sufah [and in the brooks of Arnon.]" (Bamidbar 21:14)

19) [line 14] "V'SAMTEM..." - "Therefore shall you lay up [these, My words, in your heart and in your soul, and bind them for a sign upon your hand, that they may be as frontlets between your eyes.]" (Devarim 11:18)

20) [line 14] SAM TAM - a perfect elixir
21) [line 16] RETIYAH - a cloth that is smeared with a salve; a bandage
22) [line 19] TZONEN - cold water
23) [line 20] NUMI - (O.F. borboles) sores, pimples

24) [line 22] "HALO IM TEITIV SE'ES, V'IM LO SETIV LA'PESACH CHATAS ROVETZ. V'ELECHA TESHUKASO, V'ATAH TIMSHOL BO." - "If you improve yourself, you shall be forgiven. But if you do not improve yourself, sin lies at the door. And to you shall be his desire, and yet you may conquer him." (Bereishis 4:7) - The Gemara interprets this verse as referring to the study of Torah. It is rendered as, "Surely, if you study the Torah, you will be able to bear the burden of the Evil Inclination. But if you do not study the Torah, you will fall into its clutches. And moreover, its desire will only pertain to [causing] you [to sin.] But if you truly want to, you will rule over it.

25) [line 27] MISCHADESH - regenerates
26) [line 27] "...RAK RA KOL HA'YOM." - "[And HaSh-m saw that the wickedness of man was great on the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was] only evil continually." (Bereishis 6:5)

27) [line 28] MISGABER - grows in strength
28) [line 30] MENUVAL ZEH - this disgraceful one, the Yetzer ha'Ra
29) [line 31] NIMO'ACH - it will dissolve
30) [line 31] BARZEL - iron
31) [line 31] MISPOTZETZ - it shatters

32) [line 32] "...UCH'FATISH YEFOTZETZ SALA." - (a) "...and like a hammer that shatters a stone into many fragments." (RASHI to Shabbos 88b DH Mah Patish); (b) "...and like a hammer that is shattered by the hard stone." (RABEINU TAM, cited by TOSFOS) (Yirmeyahu 23:29)

33) [line 33] "AVANIM SHACHAKU MAYIM..." - "Stones are worn away by water..." (Iyov 14:19)

34) [line 36] NITEN LAH MIDI V'LAVSHEYAH V'NICHASYA - he should give her something (a dowry) and clothe her and dress her

35) [line 36] KI HEICHI D'KAFTZU ALAH INSHEI - in order that bachelors should hurry (lit. jump) to marry her

36) [line 41] ISKA - trading merchandise
37) [line 44] "ISH [AVIV V'IMO] TIRA'U..." - "Every man shall revere his mother and his father, [and keep My Sabbaths; I am HaSh-m your G-d.]" (Vayikra 19:3)

38) [line 45] SIPEK B'YADO LA'ASOS - it is within his power to accomplish [honoring his parents, since no one objects to his doing so]

39) [line 47] "KABED ES HASH-M ME'HONECHA..." - "Honor HaSh-m with your possessions, [and with the first fruits of all your produce.]" (Mishlei 3:9)
40) [line 49] BIRKAS AV - cursing one's father

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