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CHARTS FOR LEARNING THE DAILY DAF

brought to you by Kollel Iyun Hadaf of Har Nof
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Megilah Chart #1

TA'ANIS Daf 3a-3b

WHEN TWO MITZVOS PRESENT THEMSELVES,
WHICH ONE TAKES PRECEDENCE? (SEE INSIGHTS)
  (A)
READING THE MEGILAH IF IT WILL NOT BE POSSIBLE TO READ "B'ROV AM" LATER 		(B)
READING THE MEGILAH IF IT WILL NOT BE POSSIBLE TO READ IT AT ALL LATER
1) OVERRIDING(2)
TALMUD TORAH
(OF A YACHID(3)) 		Megilah Megilah
2) *DELAYING*
AVODAH UNTIL
LATER(4) 		Megilah Megilah
3) *OVERRIDING*
AVODAH
ENTIRELY(4) 		Avodah(6) Avodah
4) DELAYING
BURIAL OF A
MES MITZVAH
UNTIL LATER(5) 		Mes Mitzvah Megilah(7)(8)
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FOOTNOTES:
==========
(1) Even to read the Megilah in the presence of a greater number of people (b'Rov Am), we push off Talmud Torah. This is evident from the statement regarding Rebbi, who pushed off the Talmud Torah of his students in order to hear the Megilah in the synagogue, even though he could have read it with his students after teaching them (RASHBA, RAN Daf 5a).
(2) Since the Mitzvah of Talmud Torah applies at all moments, if one does not learn Torah and instead is involved in another Mitzvah, that Mitzvah has *overriden* (and not just delayed) the Mitzvah of learning Torah for that moment, since that moment of learning Torah can never be compensated for. (VILNA GAON on the Shulchan Aruch)
(3) This refers to any Talmud Torah which does not involve all of the Jewish people (Magen Avraham).
(4) This applies to all other Mitzvos of the Torah as well.
(5) The RAMBAN (Toras ha'Adam) and SHILTEI GIBORIM write that this refers only to a Mes Mitzvah, and not to a regular Mes (this is also the ruling of the VILNA GA'ON, but he adds that if the burial of a regular Mes has *already begun*, then it is like a Mes Mitzvah and overrides Megilah, as is mentioned in the Mishnah in Berachos (17b)). The words of the REMA imply that the burial of a regular Mes overrides Megilah as well, if there are not enough people to take care of all of the needs of the burial.
(6) This is because, as the RAN writes, a Mitzvah d'Oraisa (Avodah) overrides a Mitzvah d'Rabanan (Megilah). However, PISKEI TOSFOS (cited by the GILYON HA'SHAS) writes that Megilah still takes precedence, and so writes the VILNA GA'ON and the TAZ (in OC 687).
(7) This is the view of the MIZRACHI in his Hagahos to the Semag (cited by the Beis Yosef). However, the VILNA GA'ON, TAZ, and MAGEN AVRAHAM argue and say that even in such a case, when there will be no other opportunity to read the Megilah, Mes Mitzvah overrides Megilah. (Their ruling, however, applies only to a Mes Mitzvah, but not to a regular Mes which has people to take care of the burial -- Mishnah Berurah).
(8) This does *not* apply to a Talmid Chacham who died, in which case the honor of Torah of the Talmid Chacham overrides the Mitzvah of Megilah (DARCHEI MOSHE).

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