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Prepared by Rabbi P. Feldman
of Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim
Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld


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Menachos 58

Menachos 58 (8 Kislev) - Dedicated l'Iluy Nishmas: Shoshana Raizel bas Reb Yisrael Leib -- Mrs. Rose Shaw -- on the third Yahrzeit of her passing, by her son, Dr. Allen Shaw (Atlanta), and grandchildren, Sheila Jutan and family (Atlanta) and Yisrael Shaw and family (Jerusalem).

1) "HAKTARAH" OF "SE'OR" AND "DEVASH"

(a) Question: How does R. Yochanan expound "Osam"?
(b) Answer (Beraisa) Suggestion: Perhaps an individual may bring a Nedavah of Shtei ha'Lechem, "Motza Sefasecha Tishmor v'Asisa (fulfill your vows)" applies!
1. Rejection: "Korban Reishis Takrivu (plural)" - the Tzibur brings it, an individual may not.
2. Suggestion: An individual does not bring Shtei ha'Lechem Chovah, therefore he cannot bring it for Nedavah - the Tzibur brings it Chovah, perhaps it can bring it Nedavah!
3. Rejection: "Osam" (only what is obligatory.)
4. Question: What are these obligatory first offerings of Se'or and Devash?
5. Answer: Shtei ha'Lechem contain Se'or, (some) Bikurim are (sweet fruits, which are included in) Devash.
(a) Question: Is it really true that Shtei ha'Lechem may not be brought Nedavah?!
1. (Beraisa) Question: Why must it say both "Chol Se'or" and "v'Chol Devash"?
2. Answer: There is a leniency of each one, its prohibition could not be learned from the other:
i. Se'or is totally permitted in the Mikdash, Devash is not;
ii. It is permitted to eat Shirei Menachos with Devash, but one may not Mechametz them. (end of Beraisa)
3. Question: When is Se'or totally permitted in the Mikdash?
i. Suggestion: Shtei ha'Lechem may be offered Nedavah!
(b) Answer (to Questions (b) and (3)): No, the leniency of Se'or is that it (Shtei ha'Lechem) is accompanied by other Korbanos (Shalmei Tzibur.)
(c) Question Also Devash (Bikurim) is accompanied by other Korbanos!
1. (Mishnah): Birds on top of the baskets were Olos, what they (people bringing Bikurim) were holding was given to the Kohanim.
(d) Answer: The birds are not a necessary part of Bikurim, rather, for decoration.
2) FORBIDDEN "HAKTARAH"
(a) Question (Rami bar Chama): If one offers meat of Chatas ha'Of on the Mizbe'ach, what is the law?
1. The Torah forbids "Chol...Mimenu...Isheh" - since no part of Chatas ha'Of is Huktar, the Isur does not apply;
2. Or, the Isur applies to anything called Korban, and this is called Korban?
(b) Answer (Rav Chisda): The Isur applies to anything called Korban, this is called Korban.
(c) Tana'im argue about this:
1. (Beraisa - R. Eliezer): The Torah forbids (Haktaras Shirayim of) Chol she'Mimenu l'Ishim (anything partially Huktar);
2. R. Akiva says, Haktaras Shirayim of anything called Korban is forbidden.
(d) Question: What is the difference between them?
(e) Answer #1 (Rav Chisda): They argue about meat of Chatas ha'Of (no part of Chatas ha'Of is Huktar, but it is called Korban.)
(f) Answer #2 (Rav): They argue about Log Shemen of a Metzora (no part is Huktar, but it is called Korban.)
(g) Answer (Levi - Beraisa): "*Kol* Korbanam" - this includes the Log of oil of a Metzora.
3) THE "SHI'UR" OF FORBIDDEN "HAKTARAH"
(a) (Beraisa): "Se'or...Lo Saktiru" - this forbids Lehaktir all of it (the entire Beraisa will be explained);
1. Question: What is the source for partial Haktarah?
2. Answer: "Chol (Se'or...)".
3. Question: What is the source for Haktarah of a mixture?
4. Answer: "Ki Chol".
(b) Question: What does this mean?
(c) Answer #1 (Abaye): "Se'or...Lo Saktiru" - this forbids Lehaktir a k'Zayis;
1. Question: What is the source for half a k'Zayis?
2. Answer: "Chol".
3. Question: What is the source for Haktarah of a mixture?
4. Answer: "Ki Chol".
(d) Answer #2 (Rava): "Se'or...Lo Saktiru" - this forbids Lehaktir a Kometz;
1. Question: What is the source for half a Kometz?
2. Answer: "Chol".
3. Question: What is the source for Haktarah of a mixture?
4. Answer: "Ki Chol".
(e) Question: What do Abaye and Rava argue about?
(f) Answer: Abaye holds that a Kometz can be less than two k'Zeisim, therefore, "Chol" teaches that Haktarah can be less than a k'Zayis;
58b---------------------------------------58b

(g) Rava holds that a Kometz must be at least two k'Zeisim, Haktarah must be at least a k'Zayis ("Chol" only teaches half a Kometz.)
(h) (Rava): If one offered (Tosfos - Se'or and Devash and) a mixture of Se'or and Devash on the Mizbe'ach, he is lashed for Se'or, for Devash, for a mixture of Se'or and for a mixture of Devash;
(i) (Abaye): One is not lashed for Lav shebi'Chlalos (a Lav that forbids different things.)
(j) Version #1: He is lashed once (for Se'or and its mixture, and once for Devash and its mixture.)
(k) Version #2: He is not lashed at all, for the Lavim are not specific like the Lav of muzzling (the prototype for lashes.)
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