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REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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MENACHOS 59

1)
(a) Our Mishnah discusses all the possible computations regarding which Menachos require both Shemen and Levonah, which require one or the other, and which require neither. The Torah requires both Shemen and Levonah by a Minchas So'les. What is a Minchas So'les?
(b) What does the Tana say about a Minchas So'les, Machavas, Marcheshes, Chalos, Rekikin, Minchas Kohanim, Kohen Mashi'ach, Oved-Kochavim, Nashim and Minchas ha'Omer?
(c) What do 'Chalos' and 'Rekikin' refer to?

2)
(a) From where do we learn that all the Menachos in this list but for one require both Shemen and Levonah?
(b) Which is the only exception?
(c) So how do we know that it requires both Shemen and Levonah?

3)
(a) What is the difference between the Minchas Nesachim and the Lechem ha'Panim regarding Shemen and Levonah
(b) What do the Sh'tei ha'Lechem, the Minchas Kena'os and the Minchas Chotei have in common?
(c) Rav Papa declares that all the cases in our Mishnah require ten Chalos, precluding the opinion of Rebbi Shimon later in the Perek. What does Rebbi Shimon say regarding a Minchas Ma'afeh Tanur that clashes with this?
(d) Alternatively, Rav Papa means that both this Mishnah and the Mishnah on the following Daf list ten cases of Minchah, to preclude Rebbi Shimon, who lists eleven. What does this mean?

4)
(a) The Beraisa discusses the sources for the differences listed in our Mishnah. Why would we have thought that ...
1. ... the Lechem ha'Panim ought to contain oil ('Kal va'Chomer' from Minchas Nesachim)?
2. ... the Minchas Nesachim ought to contain Levonah ('Kal va'Chomer' from Lechem ha'Panim)?
(b) What do we therefore learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with the Minchas ha'Omer) ...
1. ... "Ve'nasata Alehah Shemen"?
2. ... "Ve'samta Alehah Levonah"?
(c) The Pasuk concludes "Minchah Hi". What does the Tana ...
1. ... include in the Din of Levonah (not listed in our Mishnah) from the word "Minchah"?
2. ... preclude from both Shemen and Levonah from the word "Hi"?

5)
(a) We initially think that the Tana prefers to preclude Lechem ha'Panim from Shemen, from the Pasuk "Venasata Alehah Shemen" rather than Minchas Kohanim, because of six Halachos that the latter has in common with the Minchas ha'Omer, but not to the former. What is the Din of the Lechem ha'Panim as opposed to ...
1. ... 'Isaron', 'K'li' and 'Chutz'?
2. ... 'Tzurah', 'Hagashah' and 'Ishim'? What does Tzurah mean?
(b) We counter this however, with six things that the Lechem ha'Panim has in common with the Minchas ha'Omer, which the Minchas Kohanim does not. Unlike the former, the latter is a Korban Yachid and a Korban Nedavah, and it does not override Tum'ah. In addition, the former are described as de'Achil, Pigula and be'Shabsa. Why do these specifications not pertain to the Minchas Kohanim?
(c) Now that we have six reasons to include the Minchas Kohanim in the Din of Shemen and six reasons against, what makes the Tana choose to include it?

6)
(a) We initially think that the Tana prefers to preclude Minchas Nesachim from Levonah from the Pasuk "Vesamta Alehah Levonah" rather than Minchas Kohanim, because of five Halachos that the latter has in common with the Minchas ha'Omer, but not the former. What is the Din of the Minchas Nesachim, as opposed to the Din ...
1. ... 'Isaron, 'Balul' and 'be'Log' written with regard to the Minchas ha'Omer and the Minchas Kohanim?
2. ... 'Mugash' and 'bi'Gelal Etzem?
(b) We counter this however, with four things that the Minchas Nesachim has in common with the Minchas ha'Omer, which the Minchas Kohanim does not. Besides the fact that the Minchas Kohanim is neither a Korban Tzibur nor a Chovah, which two other distinctions mark it from the Minchas Nesachim and the Minchas ha'Omer?
(c) We could have replied that we prefer to preclude Minchas Kohanim, because Minchas Nesachim has more things in common with the Minchas ha'Omer. What do we actually reply?

7)
(a) The Beraisa includes Minchas Shemini in the Din Levonah from "Minchah" (written by the Minchas ha'Omer). How does the Tana know that it comes to include it and not to exclude it?
(b) And from "Hi", the Tana precludes the Sh'tei ha'Lechem from both Shemen and Levonah. How do we query this? What do we suggest he might have precluded instead?
(c) How do we ultimately explain why the Tana prefers to preclude the Sh'tei ha'Lechem from the Din of Shemen and Levonah and to include Minchas Kohanim, and not vice-versa (even though there are more reasons to say vice-versa)?

8)
(a) Initially, however, we suggest that we should preclude the Sh'tei ha'Lechem from the Din of Shemen and Levonah and include the Minchas Kohanim because the latter shares six specifications with Minchas ha'Omer that the former does not. Four of them are K'li, Matzah, (bi'G'lal) Etzem and Hagashah. What do we mean by 'K'li'?
(b) What are the other two?
(c) We counter this however, by listing eleven specifications that the Sh'tei ha'Lechem share with the Minchas ha'Omer, which the Minchas Kohanim does not: Tzibur, Chovah, Tamya, de'Achal, Pigula, be'Shabsa. Why does Pigul apply to the Sh'tei ha'Lechem but not to Minchas Kohanim?
(d) The remaining five are Matir, Tenufah, ba'Aretz, bi'Zeman, Chadash. The Minchas ha'Omer and the Sh'tei ha'Lechem require Tenufah, as we shall see in the next Mishnah. What do we mean by ...
1. ... 'Matir'?
2. ... 'ba'Aretz'?
3. ... 'bi'Zeman'?
4. ... 'Chadash'?

Answers to questions

59b----------------------59b

9)
(a) What does our Mishnah say about adding Shemen...
1. ... to a Minchas Chotei without Levonah, or vice-versa?
2. ... to the Shirayim of a Minchas Chotei?
3. ... to the Minchah Chotei whilst the Shemen is still inside the K'li?
(b) What distinction does the Tana draw between adding Shemen and adding Levonah?
(c) With regard to the Pasuk "Lo Yasim Alehah Shemen, ve'Lo Yiten Alehah Levonah, Chatas Hi", what do we learn from ...
1. ... "Chatas"?
2. ... "Hi"?
(d) On what basis do we learn like this, and not the other war round?

10)
(a) Rabah bar Rav Huna asked Rebbi Yochanan whether adding ground Levonah, which cannot be removed, will invalidate the Minchas Chotei. On what grounds might it not invalidate it? In what way is it better than Shemen?
(b) How do we refute the proof from our Mishnah 'u'Levonah Yelaktenah', and from the Beraisa 'Machshir Ani bi'Levonah she'Efshar Lelaktenah'?
(c) Rav Nachman resolves the She'eilah from another Beraisa. After teaching us that if one removed the Levonah, the Minchah is Kasher, what does the Tana say about where the Kohen had a Machsheves ...
1. ... Chutz li'Mekom either before or after one did so?
2. ... Chutz li'Zemanah before having removed it? Why is that?
3. ... after having removed it?
(d) What does Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak prove from here?

11)
(a) What do we mean when we ask on the Beraisa 've'Tehavi Pach (see Rabeinu Gershom), ve'Amai Paslah be'Machshavah'?
(b) And what does Abaye mean when he answers 'Chatas Karma Rachmana'?
(c) Rava establishes the author of the Beraisa as Chanan ha'Mitzri. What does he say in connection with the blood of the Sa'ir la'Hashem, if the Sa'ir ha'Mishtale'ach died?
(d) How does this answer the question?

12)
(a) According to Rav Ashi, the author could even be the Rabbanan, because they will agree that a Minchas Chotei containing Levonah is not Dachuy. Why not?
(b) Rav Shiya supports Rav Ashi from the Mishnah in Yoma, where Rebbi Yehudah argues with Chanan ha'Mitzri. What does Rebbi Yehudah say there in a case where ...
1. ... the blood of the Sa'ir la'Hashem spilt?
2. ... the Sa'ir ha'Mishtale'ach died?
(c) What does Rebbi Yehudah, in a Beraisa, prescribe as regards filling a Kos with the spilt blood of the Pesachim that is lying on the floor of the Azarah?
(d) What does this prove?

13)
(a) From where does Rav Yitzchak bar Yosef Amar Rebbi Yochanan learn that someone who places even a Mashehu of Shemen on part of a Minchah, he invalidates it, though he would not do so if he placed less than a k'Zayis of Levonah on it?
(b) And from where does he learn that Shemen invalidates the Minchah only if it (the Minchah) comprises at least a k'Zayis, whereas Levonah invalidates even a Mashehu of Minchah? If "Alehah" written by Shemen implies a k'Zayis, why should the same word written by Levonah mean even less than a k'Zayis?
(c) On what grounds does "Nesinah" imply a k'Zayis?
(d) In the second Lashon, Rav Yitzchak bar Yosef quoting Rebbi Yochanan, asks whether one is Chayav for placing a Mashehu Shemen on a k'Zayis of Minchah. Why might one be Patur, despite the Torah's use of the expression "Lo Yasim"?

Answers to questions

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