REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI
prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem
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Menachos 70
1)
(a) Rava asked what the Din will be (still n connection with the Ikar and
the Tosefes) regarding Ma'aser. What is the case?
(b) What second She'eilah did he ask assuming that we go after the Tosefes
(with regard to having to Ma'aser the Tosefes).
(c) What was Abaye referring to when he asked Rava why this should be any
different than a regular case of wheat and barley?
(d) What did Rava reply? What makes wheat and barley different?
2)
(a) We try to resolve the She'eilah from a statement by Rebbi Yitzchak Amar
Rebbi Yochanan. What did Rebbi Yitzchak say regarding a Litra of onions
which were already Ma'asered and which one then planted?
(b) Is onions a species that is 'Zar'o Kalah' or not?
(c) Why did the Tana find it necessary to insert the word 'Litra'?
(d) Why can we not then resolve Rava's She'eilah from there?
3)
(a) What is the Din regarding taking Ma'aser from crops that grew in a
plant pot that has no hole in it?
(b) What did Abaye retort when Rebbi Chanina bar Minyumi asked him about
Ma'asering from one plant pot without a hole on another plant pot without a
hole?
4)
(a) So Abaye amends the She'eilah. What is the case, according to him?
(b) Bearing in mind that the Ikar is Patur and the Tosefes, Chayav, what is
then the She'eilah?
(c) Seeing as Rava already asked the She'eilah above, why did we find it
necessary to repeat it?
5)
(a) Rebbi Avahu asked what the Din will be in a case where after performing
Miru'ach, the owner replanted the stalks, and then, when they grew, he
Ma'asered them whilst they were Mechubar (attached). Why might the Ma'aser
...
- ... be valid?
- ... not be valid?
(b) The Rabbanan objected to the She'eilah' on the basis of a 'Mishnah'?
What does the Tana say about Ma'asering from Mechubar?
(c) Abaye refutes their objection by confining the 'Mishnah' to one specific
area of Halachah. Which area?
(d) This ruling is understandable in a case where one cuts the corn and eats
it, since then it is no longer Mechubar. But why will the Chiyuv Miysah
and Chomesh not apply there where one bends down and eats the crops whilst
they are still attached?
6)
(a) We query this from a note in Ilfa's notebook. What unusual Din
pertains to the Neveilah of a Tahor bird?
(b) What did Ilfa write about an egg of such a bird (that is still attached
to the body, and) that is still half inside the bird's stomach and half
outside when it dies?
(c) According to what we just said, why should one be Chayav at all? Why do
we not say there too, 'Batlah Da'ato Eitzel Kol Adam'?
7)
(a) What did Rav Tivyomi bar Kisna Amar Shmuel say about someone who plants
Kil'ayim in a plant pot without a hole?
(b) Abaye raised a slight objection to this, based on the Mishnah in
Terumah. What does the Tana say there with regard to taking Terumah from a
plant pot without a hole on to one with a hole?
(c) What does this prove?
(d) What is then Shmuel's Chidush?
8)
(a) Which five types of grain does our Mishnah lists that are Chayav Chalah?
(b) What does the Tana rule with regard to ...
- ... combining them to make up the Shi'ur Chalah?
- ... the Din Chadash?
(c) And which final Chumra does he add to the List?
(d) On what condition does the Omer permit them?
Answers to questions
70b---------------------------------------70b
9)
(a) The Beraisa describes spelt (Kusmin) as belonging to the family of
wheat. What does the Tana say about oats (Shiboles-Shu'al) and rye
(Shifon)?
(b) What are the ramifications of these rulings?
10)
(a) What do we learn from the Pasuk in Re'ei "Lo Sochal Alav Chametz ...
Shiv'as Yamim Tochal Alav Matzos Lechem Oni"?
(b) And what does Resh Lakish subsequently learn from the 'Gezeirah-Shavah'
"*Lechem* Oni" "Ve'hayah be'Ochlechem *mi'Lechem* ha'Aretz" (in Yehoshua)?
(c) Which two types of grain do these Pesukim preclude from the Din of
Chametz, Matzah and Chadash? Why is that?
11)
(a) What does the Beraisa say about fresh produce, flour and dough (of the
five species)?
(b) Rav Kahana learns this with regard to Chadash, Rav Yosef, with regard to
Chametz. How does fresh wheat because subject to Chametz?
(c) Rav Papa learns it with regard to Ma'aser Sheini. What is the case?
12)
(a) Finally, Rava learns it with regard to Tum'as Ochlin. What will be the
Chidush, according to him?
(b) We support this with a Beraisa. How does the Tana qualify the
statement of Rava? Which kind of grain will combine to make up the Shi'ur of
a k'Beitzah even if it is still in its shell? Why is that?
(c) What does the Tana mean when he says 'Se'orah she'Einah Kelufah, Einah
Mitztarefes'?
13)
(a) What does Tana de'Bei Rebbi Yishmael learn from the Pasuk in Shemini "al
Kol Zera Zeru'a Asher Yizare'a"? What does he say about wheat, barley and
lentils?
(b) How do we reconcile what we just learned about barley with Tana de'Bei
Rebbi Yishmael?
(c) What is the reason for that?
(d) What is the problem with ascribing this Halachah to the fact that the
peel of wet barley is soft and is therefore considered a food in its own
right?
14)
(a) Earlier we cited Resh Lakish, who learned from "Lechem" "Lechem" that
the five kinds of grain are included in the Isur Chadash. What does Rebbi
Yochanan learn via the 'Gezeirah-Shavah' "Reishis" (in Emor in connection
with the Omer) "*Reishis* Arisoseichem" (in Korach, in connection with
Chalah)?
(b) Rebbi Yossi bar Zavda interprets our Mishnah, which forbids cutting the
new corn before the Omer, as 'before the cutting of the Omer'. What does
Rebbi Yonah say?
(c) What problem does our Mishnah create for Rebbi Yossi bar Zavda? What
ought the Tana to have said instead of 'Asurin be'Chadash Lifnei Pesach,
Ve'liktzor Lifnei ha'Omer'?
(d) Why is there no problem, according to Rebbi Yonah?
15)
(a) How will we reconcile the text that reads 'Le'arvinhu ve'Lisninhu Asurin
be'Chadash Ve'liktzor Lifnei ha'Pesach' (implying that it becomes permitted
to eat Chadash on Motza'ei Yom-Tov Rishon of Pesach), with the fact that on
no account, can Chadash be permitted before the following sunrise?
(b) What serious problem remains with this text (which is actually based on
the text in our Mishnah)?
(c) We therefore conclude that as far as Chadash is concerned, Rebbi Yossi
bar Zavda agrees with Rebbi Yonah that it is Asur until the bringing of the
Omer. On which part of the Mishnah are they then arguing?
(d) What is then their Machlokes?
Answers to questions
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