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1) [line 3] GUMA - a hole
2) [line 4] METZUDAH - a trap or net
3) [line 4] SHEFUD - a spit

4) [line 4] NO'ETZ SHEFUD U'MAKEH B'KARDOM... - one may stick a spit into ground where moles abound, and (a) strike at the ground with a hatchet and stamp on the ground, all with the intention of squashing the moles in their tunnels (RASHI); (b) strike *the spit* with a hatchet and move it back and forth in the ground, all with the intention of creating soft earth and destroying the tunnels, causing the moles to suffocate (RAN -- this may also be Rashi's intent) (c) strike *the spit* with a hatchet and move it back and forth in the ground, all with the intention of digging a hole in an indirect manner (Shinui), in which to lay a trap or snare (RAMBAM Hilchos Yom Tov 8:5, SHITAS RIBAV)

5) [line 5] KARDOM - an axe or hatchet
6) [line 5] MERADEH - to trample or soften
7) [line 12] HUTZA V'DAFNA - a screen or hedge made of the branches of a laurel tree (Dafna) interwoven with palm leaves (Hutza) (Dafna -- O.F. (bier) should be [lorier] - laurel)

8) [line 13] TZAR BI'TZEROR - he piles stones one of top of the other
9) [line 13] V'EINO TACH B'TIT - but does not plaster them with mortar
10) [line 16] GOCHEH - leaning
11) [line 28] NETIRUSA - protection, preservation (an act that is prohibited to do to fruit of the Shemitah Year)

12) [line 30] NEGA'IM (NIG'EI BASAR)
(a) When a person develops a mark that looks like Tzara'as, a Kohen must ascertain whether or not it is a Nega Tzara'as. If it is indeed a Nega Tzara'as, the Kohen tentatively pronounces him Tamei for one week, making him a Metzora Musgar (Hesger Rishon). The Kohen returns after a week to see what changes, if any, occurred to the mark. If there are no changes, the person remains a Metzora Musgar (Hesger Sheni) and the Kohen returns after the second week. If there are still no changes the Kohen pronounces the person to be Tahor. If the Kohen *confirms* the Tum'ah of the Metzora due to the appearance of Simanei Tum'ah in the mark, the Kohen pronounces him a Metzora Muchlat. A Metzora Muchlat remains Tamei until his Simanei Tum'ah go away.
(b) The names and colors of four types of marks that make a person a Metzora are 1. Baheres, which is the color of snow; 2. Se'es, which is the color of clean, white newborn lamb's wool; 3. Sapachas of Baheres, which is the color of the plaster used to whitewash the Beis ha'Mikdash; 4. Sapachas of Se'es, which is the color of the white membrane found on the inside of an egg
(c) The Simanei Tum'ah for marks that appear on the skin (Nig'ei Basar) are: 1. the mark spreads (Pisyon); 2. at least two white hairs (Se'ar Lavan) grow inside the mark; or 3. a patch of healthy skin (Michyah) appears in the middle of the Nega.

13a) [line 30] L'HAKEL - to proclaim the person Tahor
b) [line 30] L'HACHMIR - to proclaim the person Tamei
14) [line 35] NIZKAK LO - attend to him

15) [line 6] TZAVSA - companionship

16) [line 12] "V'ACHAREI TAHORASO; SHIV'AS YAMIM YISPERU LO." - "And after his purification, they shall count seven days for him." (Yechezkel 44:26)

17) [line 13] YEMEI SEFIRO
(a) On the day that a Metzora is healed from his Tzara'as, he takes two kosher birds (Tziporei Metzora), a piece of cedar wood, some crimson wool and a hyssop branch. One of the birds is slaughtered over fresh spring water in a clay bowl. A Kohen dips the other bird, along with the other articles, into the spring water that is mixed with the blood and sprinkles it seven times on the Metzora. The living bird is sent away towards the fields. Both birds are Asur b'Hana'ah, but the Isur is removed from the living bird after it is sent off to the fields.
(b) The Metzora next washes his clothes, shaves all places on his body that have a collection of hair and that are exposed, and immerses in a Mikvah. He is now considered Tahor to the extent that he may enter a settlement, but marital relations are forbidden. He waits seven days (Yemei Sefiro), then once more washes his clothes, shaves and immerses. He is now completely Tahor but is still a Mechusar Kaparah (see Background to Pesachim 90:11). For a description of the order of the Korbanos of the Metzora, see Background to Megilah 8:11:c-e.

18a) [line 16] YOSAM LO HAYAH LO L'UZIYAHU ELA BI'YMEI CHILUTO - Yosam was born to Uziyahu when Uziyahu was a Metzora Muchlat

b) [line 16] YOSAM
(a) Rebbi Shimon bar Yochai praises Yosam ben Uziyahu, king of Yehudah, for his extreme humility (Sukah 45b). His father, Uziyahu, was punished with Tzara'as for the last twenty-seven years of his life, and lived in seclusion outside of Yerushalayim (Melachim II 15:5). As such, Yosam, when he came of age, took over the day-to-day running of the kingdom. He did not usurp his father's authority; rather, he attributed all of his verdicts and edicts to his father.
(b) Rabeinu Chananel (Sukah ibid.) writes that the exceptional attribute shared by Rebbi Shimon bar Yochai, Rebbi Elazar bar Rebbi Shimon and Yosam ben Uziyahu was that they did not receive any reward in this world for their good deeds. All other Tzadikim received in this world a slight taste of the reward that they were to receive in the World to Come. Furthermore, Rashi (Divrei ha'Yamim II 27:2) writes that Yosam is the only king of Yehudah who was totally free of sin.

19) [line 27] "V'TZIVAH HA'KOHEN U'FINU ES HA'BAYIS" (NIG'EI BATIM - Tzara'as that infects houses)
This verse (Vayikra 14:36) is written regarding a house that develops marks of Tzara'as.
The marks of Tzara'as for houses consist of streaks or spots that are intense green or intense red. These laws do not apply to a house that is less than four by four Amos.
(a) If Tzara'as is found on the walls of a house, it is put into quarantine by a Kohen for a week. Before the Kohen puts the house into quarantine, the Kohen commands that the house be emptied of its contents to prevent its utensils from becoming Tamei.
(b) The Kohen returns six days later to check the house. If the Tzara'as has spread, one must remove (Choletz) the stones with Tzara'as from the house, scrape off the surrounding plaster, insert new stones and re-plaster the entire house. The house is then put into quarantine for another week. If the Tzara'as returns to the house during the following week, the owner must dismantle (Notetz) the entire house (Vayikra 14:45). The stones from the house must be taken out of the city, and they remain Asur b'Hana'ah forever.
(c) On the other hand, if the Tzara'as did not change after the first week, the Kohen leaves it as is and returns again six days later. If, after the second week, the Tzara'as has *either* remained *or* spread, one must remove (Choletz) the stones with Tzara'as from the house, scrape off the surrounding plaster, insert new stones and re-plaster the entire house. The house is then put into quarantine for another week (Vayikra 14:40). If the Tzara'as returns to the house during the following week, the owner must dismantle (Notetz) the entire house (Vayikra 14:45). The stones from the house must be taken out of the city, and they remain Asur b'Hana'ah forever.

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