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1) DOUBLE LIABILITY FOR TUM'AH

(a) Question: Even in the house, the moment his hand enters, he becomes Tamei; when his whole body (really, the majority) enters, he is already Tamei!
(b) Answer #2 (R. Eliezer): If he sticks his hand in first, he is only liable for Tum'ah; if he keeps his hand by his body, he becomes Tamei when he enters, and he is also liable for entering.
(c) Objection: But his nose will enter first, and he will be Tamei before his body enters!
(d) Answer #3 (Rava): If he sticks his hand in first, he is only liable for Tum'ah; if he enters his body first, he becomes Tamei as he enters.
(e) Objection: But his toes will surely enter before (most of) his body!
(f) Answer #4 (Rav Papa): The case is, he entered the tent in an enclosed tent or box, and his friend uncovered the box - he becomes Tamei at the same moment he is considered to enter.
(g) Answer #5 (Mar bar Rav Ashi): The case is, he entered a tent containing a dying person, and the person died when he was there - Tum'ah and entering come together.

(a) (Beraisa): "*Lehechalo* (to profane himself through a corpse)" - he is not profaned before the death;
(b) Rebbi says, "In their (his relatives') death, he becomes Tamei" - not until they die.
(c) Question: What is the difference between them?
(d) Answer #1 (R. Yochanan): They do not argue in law, only in how the law is derived.
(e) Answer #2 (Reish Lakish): A dying person.

1. The 1st Tana learns from Lehechalo - this includes a dying person, who will become a Chalal (corpse);
2. Rebbi learns from "In their death" - not until they die.

(f) Question: What does the 1st Tana learn from "In their death"?
(g) Answer: As Rebbi expounded.

1. (Rebbi): "In their death" he may not become Tamei through (contact with) them, but he may become Tamei through them when they have their plagues or emissions.

(h) Question: How is Rebbi able to learn this - he already expounded this verse regarding a dying person!
(i) Answer: If it only came for that law, it would have said 'In his death'; it says "In their deaths", to teach us both.
(j) Question: According to Rebbi, what do we learn from "Lehechalo"?
(k) Answer: To exclude someone that is already profaned.
(l) Question: Chachamim also need to learn this law from Lehechalo - how can they use it to teach about a dying person?
(m) Answer: If it only came to teach this, it would say Lehechal; since it says Lehechalo, we learn 2 laws.
(n) Question (Beraisa): A man does not impart Tum'ah until he soul leaves, even if he is cut up, even if he is dying.

1. This opposes Chachamim, who say that he is forbidden to touch (or be in a tent with) a dying man!

(o) Answer: Even though a dying man does not impart Tum'ah, a Kohen (or Nazir) is forbidden to touch him.

3) AN INCOMPLETE CORPSE

(a) (Rav Chisda): A Kohen may not become Tamei to bury his father if the head was cut off, because it says "To his father", when his father is complete.
(b) Question (Rav Hamnuna): Would this even apply in a valley frequented by bandits?
(c) Answer (Rav Chisda): I did not speak of a Mes Mitzvah (an unattended corpse)- a Kohen may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah even if it is not a relative, all the more so for his father!
(d) Question: Is this really a Mes Mitzvah?

1. (Beraisa): Which is a Mes Mitzvah? A corpse with no one (else) to bury it.

i. If he calls and people answer, this is not a Mes Mitzvah.

2. Since the man's son is here, this is not a Mes Mitzvah (since he must hire others to bury him)!

(e) Answer: Since the corpse is in a valley (and other people are not around), it is as if there are none to bury him.
(f) Question (Beraisa): "To her he will become Tamei" - to her, but not to her limbs.

1. He may not become Tamei for a limb that separated from his father in his father's lifetime, but he may return for a bone the size of a barley seed.
2. Suggestion: 'He may return for a bone the size of a barley' - this means, the corpse was lacking, and he was permitted to become Tamei to it!

(g) Answer: The Beraisa is as R. Yehudah (but Chachamim only permit him to become Tamei for a complete corpse).

1. (Beraisa - R. Yehudah): "To her he will become Tamei" - to her, but not to her limbs

i. He may not become Tamei for a limb that separated from his father while alive, but he may become Tamei for a limb that separated from his father after death.

(h) Question (Beraisa cited by Rav Kahana): R. Eliezer ben Yakov expounded: "To her he will become Tamei" - to her, but not to limbs, to exclude an olive's volume of flesh of a corpse, an olive's worth of fluid from a corpse, and a spoonful of decayed matter from a corpse.
(i) One might have thought, he cannot become Tamei for a spine, skull, or bones comprising the majority of the stature or the majority of the number of bones of his sister - "And you will say to them", this permits becoming Tamei for these.