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1) OTHER TUM'OS

(a) "To his mother" - this is free to learn a Gezeirah Shavah.

1. (Beraisa - Rebbi): "In their death" - a Nazir may not become Tamei to his relatives when they die, but he may become Tamei through their leprosy or emissions; how do we know that this is also true of a Kohen Gadol?
2. It was not needed to write "To his mother" by a Kohen Gadol.

i. A regular Kohen may become Tamei for his paternal brother, but a Kohen Gadol may not become Tamei for his father; on the mother's side, a regular Kohen may not become Tamei for his maternal brother - all the more so, a Kohen Gadol may not become Tamei for his mother!

3. Since we can learn from a Kal va'Chomer, "To his mother" is free to learn a Gezeirah Shavah.
4. By a Nazir, it also says "To his mother" - just as a Nazir may become Tamei through relatives' leprosy or emissions, but not their corpses - also, a Kohen Gadol.

(a) Question: We have derived that a Kohen Gadol may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah - how do we know that a Nazir may?
(b) Answer (Beraisa) - Suggestion: "...On the soul of a corpse he will not come" - one might have thought, this means even an animal, for the Torah says "One who strikes the soul of an animal".

1. Rejection #1: "On the soul of a corpse" - this refers to a person.
2. Rejection #2 (R. Yishmael): We need not learn from there - it says "He will not come", the verse speaks of a Tum'ah which is imparted by coming (into a tent with the body).

(c) (Beraisa - continuation): "To his father and to his mother" he may not become Tamei, but he may become Tamei to a Mes Mitzvah.

1. Question: Why must the verse teach this - a Kal va'Chomer teaches this!

i. A Kohen Gadol's Kedushah is forever, and he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah - all the more so, a Nazir, whose Kedushah is temporary!

2. Answer: There is a flaw in the Kal va'Chomer - a Kohen Gadol may become Tamei because he does not bring a sacrifice for Tum'ah, but a Nazir brings a sacrifice for Tum'ah!

i. Therefore, the verse had to teach that he may not become Tamei for a parent, but may for a Mes Mitzvah.

3. Suggestion: Perhaps we should say, he may not become Tamei for a parent, but may for others (strangers)!
4. Rejection: A regular Kohen may become Tamei for relatives, but not for strangers - a Nazir, who may not become Tamei for relatives, all the more so, he may not become Tamei for strangers.

i. Therefore, the verse had to teach that he may not become Tamei for a parent, but may for a Mes Mitzvah.

5. Suggestion: We should be able to learn from a Kohen Gadol!

i. Both by a Kohen Gadol and a Nazir, the Torah says that he may not become Tamei for relatives.
ii. Just as a Kohen Gadol may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah - we should say the same for a Nazir!

6. Counter-suggestion: Perhaps we should learn from a regular Kohen!

i. Both by a regular Kohen and a Nazir, the Torah says that he may not become Tamei.
ii. Just as a regular Kohen may become Tamei for relatives - we should say the same for a Nazir!

7. Since we would not know if we should learn Nazir from Kohen Gadol or from regular Kohen, the verse had to teach that he may not become Tamei for a parent, but may for a Mes Mitzvah.
8. Question: Since we need to learn that he may not become Tamei for a parent - we cannot also learn that he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah!
9. Answer: Rather, "To his father" teaches that he may not become Tamei for his father; "To his brother" he may that not become Tamei, but he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah.

i. "To his mother" is used for the Gezeirah Shavah, as Rebbi.

(a) Question: What does "To his sister" teach?
(b) Answer (Beraisa): A man (not necessarily a Nazir) was going to slaughter his Pesach sacrifice and circumcise his son, and he heard that a relative died. One might have thought that he should become Tamei to bury the relative - "To his sister" he may not become Tamei, but he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah.
(c) R. Akiva says "A soul (this is the correct text, for he expounds the verse by Nazir)" - this teaches that he may not become Tamei for strangers; "Dead" - this teaches that he may not become Tamei for relatives;

1. "To his father and to his mother" he may not become Tamei, but he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah;
2. "To his brother" - this teaches, if a Nazir was Kohen Gadol, he may not become Tamei for his brother, but he may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah.
3. "To his sister" teaches as the above Beraisa: A man was going to slaughter his Pesach sacrifice and circumcise his son ...

(d) Question: How does R. Akiva learn Rebbi's Gezeirah Shavah?
(e) Answer: Since "To his brother" taught that a Nazir who is Kohen Gadol may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah, it is clear that any Kohen Gadol may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah.

1. "To his father and to his mother" are therefore free to learn the Gezeirah Shavah.

(f) Question: How does R. Yishmael learn that a Nazir who is Kohen Gadol may become Tamei for a Mes Mitzvah?
(g) Answer: Since the Torah permitted a Lav (either for a Kohen Gadol or Nazir) for a Mes Mitzvah - also 2 Lavim are permitted.
(h) Question: What does R. Yishmael learn from "To his sister"?
(i) Answer: One might have thought, a Mes Mitzvah only overrides Lavim, but not Pesach and circumcision, which are punishable by Kares for one who neglects to do them - we hear, this is not so.