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Nedarim 10
The numbers that appear next to certain entries represent the number assigned
to those items in the diagram of the Beis ha'Mikdash of the Tiferes Yisrael
(e.g. TY #43). This diagram, which was included in a separate mailing and can
be found on our site, is printed both in the Tiferes Yisrael Mishnayos (in
Midos Chapter 2 or following Midos) and in Rav P. Kahati's Mishnayos (page
290, at the beginning of Midos).
1) [line 15] OLAH (OLAS YACHID)
(a) A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary
sacrifice (Olas Nedavah), as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may
be Olos (which are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-
6), Shelamim (parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37)
or Menachos (flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).
(b) Korbenos Olah are Kodshei Kodashim and therefore they may only be
slaughtered in the northern part of the Azarah. Before its slaughter, the
owner presses his hands on the head of the animal (Semichah). The blood of
the Olah is cast on the northeastern and southwestern corners of the
Mizbe'ach (Shenayim she'Hen Arba). Nesachim (a meal offering consisting of
flour and oil and a wine libation) are brought as part of the Korban
(Bamidbar 15:3-12). The meal offering is completely burned on the Mizbe'ach
and the wine is poured into one of the Sefalim (the silver libation pipes
located at the top of the southwest corner of the Mizbe'ach) (RAMBAM and
RA'AVAD Hilchos Ma'aseh ha'Korbanos 2:1). The amount of flour, oil and wine
needed depends upon the animal offered, as specified in Bamidbar (ibid.).
(c) The skin of the Olah is given to the Kohanim and the rest of the animal
is dismembered and entirely burned on the Mizbe'ach.
2) [line 15] SHELAMIM (SHALMEI YACHID)
(a) A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary
sacrifice, as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may be Olos (which
are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-6), Shelamim
(parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37) or Menachos
(flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).
(b) Korbenos Shelamim that are offered by an individual may be brought from
male or female sheep, cows or goats. They are Kodshim Kalim, and may
therefore be slaughtered in the entire Azarah (and not only in its northern
part). Before its slaughter, the owner presses his hands on the head of the
animal (Semichah). The blood of the Shelamim is cast on the northeastern and
southwestern corners of the Mizbe'ach (Shenayim she'Hen Arba). Nesachim (a
meal offering consisting of flour and oil and a wine libation) are brought as
part of the Korban (Bamidbar 15:3-12). The meal offering is completely burned
on the Mizbe'ach and the wine is poured into one of the Sefalim (the silver
libation pipes located at the top of the southwest corner of the Mizbe'ach)
(RAMBAM and RA'AVAD Hilchos Ma'aseh ha'Korbanos 2:1). The amount of flour,
oil and wine needed depends upon the animal offered, as specified in Bamidbar
(ibid.).
(c) The Chazeh (breast) and Shok (thigh) of the Shelamim were given to the
Kohen (Vayikra 7:34). Certain fats and other parts of the Korban were offered
on the Mizbe'ach (Vayikra 3:3-4, 9-10, 14-15). The owner and his guests (men
or women) eat the rest of the Korban inside the borders of the city of
Yerushalayim. The meat may be cooked in any fashion and is eaten for two days
and the intervening night.
3) [line 16] TODAH
(a) The Todah (thanksgiving-offering) was a form of Shelamim (see above,
entry#2) that was eaten for only one day and one night (Vayikra 7:15).
(b) An animal that was sacrificed as a Todah was brought together with forty
loaves of bread, ten each of the following:
- unleavened loaves mixed with oil;
- flat unleavened Matzos saturated with oil;
- unleavened loaves made of boiled flour mixed with oil;
- loaves of leavened bread.
(c) One loaf of each type of bread was given to the Kohen who performed the
Zerikas ha'Dam of the Todah (Vayikra 7:14). (These four loaves were known as
Terumas Lachmei Todah.) The owner eats the rest of the loaves of bread of the
Todah along with the meat, as above (entry #2c).
4) [line 23] BERIBI - a great Talmid Chacham (Rebbi Elazar ha'Kapar)
5) [line 29] V'HADEIN KERA B'NAZIR TAMEI KESIV!? - But that verse is [only]
referring to a Nazir who became Tamei!?
6) [line 30] D'SHANAH V'CHEIT HU - since he committed two sins - causing
himself anguish by refraining from wine and becoming Tamei
7) [line 34] NODER B'MOHI - an expression for a Shevu'ah (a) using a
corrupted form of the Aramaic word for Shevu'ah, "Momasa" (RAMBAM, MEFARESH);
(b) using a corrupted form of the name "Moshe" [Rabeinu] (RAN)
8) [line 37] SHE'BADU LAHEM - that they invented
9) [line 37] V'CHEN HU OMER... - (this phrase, until the word "mi'Libo,"
should be omitted. It seems to have been a marginal explanation of the words
of Reish Lakish that was incorporated into the words of the Gemara -- SHITAH
MEKUBETZES, see MAHARATZ CHAYOS)
10) [line 38] "...BA'CHODESH ASHER BADA MI'LIBO..." - "[And he (Yeravam ben
Nevat) offered upon the altar which he had made in Beis-El the fifteenth day
of the eighth month,] in the month [in] which he had contrived [a holiday] of
his own heart; [and ordained a feast to the children of Yisrael; and he
offered upon the altar, and burned incense.]" (Melachim I 12:33)
10b---------------------------------------10b
11) [line 21] KINMAN BESEM - aromatic cinnamon
12) [line 23] KINAH SHEL TARNEGOLIN - a chicken's nest
13) [line 24] TIBA'I - the problems stands unanswered (this is the equivalent
of "Teiku" in other places in the Gemara)
14) [line 33] DACHI - pure
15) [line 34] NOSAR
(a) If any meat of a Korban remains after the time that was allotted for it
to be eaten, it must be burned, as the Torah states, "b'Yom Zivchachem
Ye'achel umi'Macharas, *veha'Nosar* Ad Yom ha'Shelishi ba'Esh Yisaref." - "It
shall be eaten the same day that you slaughter it and on the next day, and
anything that *remains* until the third day shall be burned in fire."
(Vayikra 19:6).
(b) If someone eats Nosar intentionally he is Chayav Kares. If he eats it
unintentionally, he must bring a Korban Chatas (SEFER HA'CHINUCH Mitzvah
215).
(c) Even though Nosar is a "Davar ha'Asur," an object that is not prohibited
because of an Isur that a *person* placed upon it, but because of an Isur
Torah that applied to it naturally, the intention of the Noder was to connect
his object to a sacrifice that became Nosar. As such, the original status of
the sacrifice is a "Davar ha'Nadur," i.e. an object that has been prohibited
either through a Neder or by becoming Hekdesh (consecrated). (TOSFOS -- See
Background to Nedarim 2:1a(c).)
16) [line 34] PIGUL
(a) A sacrifice that was slaughtered with the intention of eating it or
offering it after its allotted time becomes disqualified. It is forbidden to
eat from such a Korban as it states in Vayikra (7:18), "v'Im He'achol
Ye'achel mi'Besar Zevach Shelamav ba'Yom ha'Shelishi Lo Yeratzeh, ha'Makriv
Oso Lo Yechashev Lo, *Pigul* Yiheyeh." - "If [the person bringing the
offering plans] to eat it on the third day, [the sacrifice] will not be
accepted. It is considered Pigul (putrid, rejected) and it will not be
counted in his favor."
(b) If a person eats Pigul intentionally he is Chayav Kares. If he eats it
unintentionally he must bring a Korban Chatas (SEFER HA'CHINUCH Mitzvah 144).
If a person eats the blood of a Korban that is Pigul, he does not transgress
this prohibition.
(c) Even though Pigul is a "Davar ha'Asur," an object that is not prohibited
because of an Isur that a *person* placed upon it, but because of an Isur
Torah that applied to it naturally, the intention of the Noder was to connect
his object to a sacrifice that became Pigul. As such, the original status of
the sacrifice is a "Davar ha'Nadur," i.e. an object that has been prohibited
either through a Neder or by becoming Hekdesh (consecrated). (TOSFOS -- See
Background to Nedarim 2:1a(c).)
17) [line 34] IMRA - (a) [the] sheep [used as the Korban Tamid]; (b) [the]
sheep [that was born to a Korban Chatas]; (c) [the] ram [that Avraham Avinu
sacrificed on Har ha'Moriyah in place of Yitchak] (TOSFOS)
18) [line 34] DIRIM - the *chambers* in the compound of the Beis ha'Mikdash
(a) where the lambs to be used for the Korban Tamid were checked to ensure
that they had no Mum (TY #43, the southwest chamber of the Lishkas Beis
ha'Moked (see Background to Yoma 15:19), known as the Lishkas ha'Tela'im,
Lishkas ha'Korban or Lishkas Tela'ei Korban), or (b) where wood for the
Mizbe'ach and for the bonfire in the Lishkas Beis ha'Moked was kept. The wood
was checked to ensure that it had no worms (TY #12; This Lishkah was located
in the northeast corner of the Ezras Nashim, and was known as the Lishkas
ha'Etzim or Lishkas Dir ha'Etzim)
19) [line 35] MESHAMSH in the Beis ha'Mikdash
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