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Nedarim 57
1a) [line 2] CHILUFEIHEN - items for which they were bartered
b) [line 2] GIDULEIHEN - that which grows from them
2a) [line 4] DAVAR SH'ZAR'O KALAH - a plant whose seed totally decomposes
when producing a new plant, e.g. wheat
b) [line 5] DAVAR SHE'EIN ZAR'O KALAH - a plant that contains a regenerative
root or bulb, e.g. scallions
57b---------------------------------------57b
3) [line 8] SHEVI'IS
(a) The Torah requires that farmers desist from working the land every
seventh year, as described in Vayikra 25:1-7. The fruits that grow during the
seventh (Shevi'is) year are holy to the extent that 1. they must be
considered ownerless; anyone may come into any field and pick the fruit that
he intends to eat. 2. The fruits may not be bought and sold in a normal
fashion (see Insights to Sukah 39:2). 3. The Torah requires that the fruits
of Shevi'is be used only for eating or drinking (in the normal manner of
eating for that type of fruit) or for burning to provide light (in the case
of oil). They may not be wasted or used for medicinal purposes or animal
fodder, etc.
(b) The Shemitah year is meant to teach the Jewish people to rely on HaSh-m
for their sustenance, a fact that is not always clear to them during the six
years in which they work their own fields.
4) [line 14] TERITA'AH - (a) Rebbi Chanina's surname or city (Toratha?); (b)
the raiser of oxen
5) [line 18] YALDAH - a fruit tree that is less than three years old, the
fruits of which are prohibited because of Orlah (see below, entry #8)
6) [line 18] SHE'SIBCHAH - that one grafted one of its [fruit-laden] branches
7) [line 18] ZEKEINAH - a fruit tree that is at least three years old, the
fruits of which are permitted
8) [line 19] AF AL PI SHE'HOSIFAH MA'ASAYIM, ASUR (ORLAH)
(a) In the first three years after a fruit tree is planted, its fruits are
called Orlah and are Asurim b'Hana'ah, as it states in Vayikra 19:23.
(b) If a person eats a k'Zayis of Orlah fruit, he receives Malkos. If he
derives benefit from Orlah (or any other food that is Asur b'Hana'ah),
according to most Rishonim he is punished with Malkos (TOSFOS Chulin 120a DH
Ela), while according to others, he is only punished with Makas Mardus, a
Rabbinic institution of Malkos. (RAMBAM Hilchos Ma'achalos Asuros 8:16 -- see
also Mishneh l'Melech to Yesodei ha'Torah 5:8)
9) [line 23] LITRA - a measure of weight; the Litra is the Roman Libra, a
pound
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