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1) MISHNA: SPECIAL CASES REGARDING EATING KODESHIM

(a) An Onen immerses and eats the Pesach at night, but not Kodeshim.
(b) On the day one hears of a death, and the day when he gathers their bones, he immerses and (even) eats Kodeshim.
(c) [Beis Shamai] A Ger immerses and eats the Pesach that night.
(d) [Beis Hillel] A Ger must undergo the Taharah of a Tamei Mes.

(a) Question: Why does an Onen have a different law regarding Pesach?
(b) Answer: Aninus at night is mi'd'Rabanan, and they did not apply it to the Korban Pesach (Kares), but only by Kodeshim (Aseh).
(c) Question: Gathering bones should require Taharah from Tumas Mes?!
(d) Answer: It means that the bones were gathered for him.
(e) The Ger under dispute in the Mishna is a former Gentile.

1. A Gentile does not contract Tumah.
2. Eating the Pesach might lead him to eat it the following year, even though he is then Tamei (Beis Shamai disagrees).
3. A newly circumcised Jew, however, can immerse and eat right away, and we would not confuse him with the Gentile.
4. The Bereisa supports this qualification.

(a) In three instances the Chachamim applied their Gezeirah even in the face of the Kares prohibition of (not bringing a) Pesach.

1. Arel (as discussed above).
2. Haza'ah (is a Shevus and may not be done on Shabbos).
3. Izemel (the father may not do this Pesach even though they would only have to transfer the knife b'Hotza'ah d'Rabanan).

(b) In three instances they did not apply the Gezeirah.

1. Onen (as discussed above).
2. Metzorah (who saw Keri on the eighth day, the Aseh of Pesach overrides the Aseh of a Baal Keri coming into the Machaneh).

(i) [R. Yochanan] There is no Torah prohibition here.
(ii) The "new" Chatzer refers to where the prohibition of the Baal Keri entering was introduced by the Chachamim.
(iii)The Chachamim did not impose that restriction here.

3. Beis HaPras (we allow people to check [by blowing the dirt as he goes along] for those coming to do the Pesach).

(i) We do not check for those eating Terumah.
(ii) If the Beis HaPras has been trodden down, it is Tahor.

1) PESACH SHENI

(a) One who did not bring the Pesach on account of Tumah or distance, brings the Pesach Sheni.
(b) One who accidently or unavoidably did not bring the Pesach, brings Pesach Sheni.
(c) The reason why the Torah singles out those prevented on account of Tumah or distance is that those are exempt from Kares while others are Chayav Kares.

(a) [R. Nachman] If a person who is exempt due to distance would have an agent bring the Korban for him, it fulfills his obligation.
(b) [R. Sheshes] It is not effective.
(c) R. Nachman understands the exemption as the Torah's compassion on the one at great distance (and praiseworthy is he who brings it).
(d) R. Sheshes sees his exemption as exclusion, akin to the Tamei.
(e) R. Nachman infers from the Mishna "Lo Asa" that he could have.
(f) R. Sheshes rejects this based on the Lo Asa in the Seifa.

1. The Lo Asa includes a Meizid.
2. The Onen is also included in the Lo Asa.
3. [R. Ashi] There is indication for the above in the Mishna:

(i) Question: Who are the "others who are Chayav Kares
(ii) Answer: They must be Meizid and Onen.
(iii)[R. Nachman] It is only the Meizid.
(iv) Question: So why say *they* are Chayavin?
(v) Answer: It follows the style of the Reisha.

(g) R. Sheshes says his source is the Bereisa of R. Akiva which connects the Tamei with the one b'Derech Rechokah; they are both physically capable but Halachically blocked.

(h) [R. Nachman] R. Akiva holds that one may not bring a Pesach for a Tamei Sheretz, whereas I hold that one may.