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1) TEACHINGS ABOUT EATING

(a) Eat humbly in your humble home, do not accustom your heart to eating luxuriously; Eat less and add to your home.
(b) [Ula taught the parable] The one who eats choice foods must hide in his loft; while the one who eats vegetables may do so in public.

(a) [Beis Shamai] Yom then Yayin.
(b) [Beis Hillel] Yayin then Yom.

(a) Beis Shamai explain their order:

1. The Yom causes the wine.
2. The Yom has already been sanctified before the wine arrives.

(b) Beis Hillel explain their order:

1. The wine causes (allows) the Kidush to be said.
2. [Davar Acher] Wine is more Tadir, and thus comes first.

(c) The law, continues the Bereisa, is like Beis Hillel.
(d) Question: Why do Beis Hillel need a "Davar Acher?"
(e) Answer: To address the fact that Beis Shamai gave two factors.
(f) Question: But we *know* that the Halachah is like Beis Hillel!?

1. There was a Bas Kol which declared this.
2. So why, here, does the Bereisa teach that the Halachah is like Beis Hillel?

(g) Answer #1: This Bereisa is speaking before the Bas Kol.
(h) Answer #2: It is the position of R. Yehoshua who rejects Bas Kol.

(a) He dips a vegetable after Kidush, even Chazeres.
(b) He is brought Matzah, Maror, Charoses and two cooked dishes.
(c) Tana Kama holds that Charoses is not a Mitzvah, R. Elazar b. Tzadok holds that it is.
(d) In the times of the Mikdash, he would also be brought the Korban Pesach.

5) DIPPING VEGETABLES AND NEEDING KAVANAH

(a) [Resh Lakish]: Our Mishnah implies that Mitzvos require Kavanah!

1. He must eat Chazeres again (as Maror) even if he ate it after Kidush.
2. Surely this is because he did not intend the Mitzvah of Maror with that earlier eating (over which he made a Ha'adamah), and cannot rely on the physical performance of the act alone.

(b) Question: The two eatings are only to prompt the children to ask!
(c) Answer: Then the Tana would have required a *different* vegetable (not Chazeres) for that earlier dipping.
(d) Question: Then he would not eat *anything* for the first dipping if he didn't have a different vegetable; and further, the Bereisa teaches that Maror does not require Kavanah.
(e) Answer: It is a Machlokes between the Tana'im, as per R. Yosi in the Bereisa who says that the second dipping is a Mitzvah.
(f) Question: Perhaps R. Yosi requires the second dipping to prompt the children?!
(g) Answer: He called it a *Mitzvah* because it requires Kavanah!

(a) Question: What are the two cooked dishes?
(b) Answer #1 [R. Huna]: Even Silka and Orez.

1. Rava would especially use these two foods, even though R. Huna only meant them as examples of the simplest dishes.
2. This was due to his fondness for the teachings of R. Huna.
3. [R. Ashi] We see that R. Huna disagrees with the teaching of R. Yochanan b. Nuri that Orez is a grain.

(c) Answer #2 [Chizkiya]: Even be an egg cooked on fish.
(d) Answer #3 [R. Yosef]: Two types of cooked meats (reminders of the Pesach and Chagigah).
(e) Answer #4 [Ravina]: Even meat and its gravy.

(a) Question: What Berachah should he make over the first vegetable if he must use the Maror vegetable for that, as well.
(b) Answer [R. Huna]: On the first eating Borei Peri Ha'adamah and on the second Al Achilas Maror.