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REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Sanhedrin 3

1)

(a) What is the problem in establishing the two statements of 'bi'Sheloshah' in our Mishnah by Gezeilos va'Chavalos ...
  1. ... to exclude Hoda'os ve'Halva'os cause? What would be a better way of establishing it?
  2. ... with the Lashon? What wording should the Tana rather have used?
(b) Based on Rebbi Chanina and on what we just earned, how does Rava therefore establish '*Diynei Mamonos* bi'Sheloshah'? Why does the Tana then divide them into two cases (like we asked at the outset)?

(c) Rav Acha B'rei de'Rav Ika agrees with Rava's interpretation of the Mishnah in principle.
In which point does he argue with him?

(d) What is his source for that?

2)
(a) Why did the Rabbanan institute three judges?

(b) How will the fact that there are three judges alleviate the problem?

(c) Then why are the judges obligated to pay in the event that they erred (like we asked earlier)?

3)
(a) Rava and Rav Acha B'rei de'Rav Ika argue over Shmuel.
What did Shmuel say about two people who judged?

(b) What is their Machlokes? Who holds what?

(c) What is then the basis of their Machlokes?

4)
(a) Having learned Chavalos (as we just explained), why does the Tana then need to insert 'Nezek' in our Mishnah?

(b) On what grounds do we query the explanation, that the Tana mentions Chatzi Nezek in addition to Chavalos, because he wishes to make a distinction between Mamon and K'nas?

(c) Why might Palga Nizka be Mamon and not K'nas?

(d) So why *does* he mention it (even according to those hold that Palga Nizka is Mamon?

Answers to questions

3b---------------------------------------3b

5)

(a) What does Rebbi Yashiyah learn from the Pesukim "ve'Nikrav Ba'al ha'Bayis el ha'Elohim", "ad ha'Elohim Yavo Dvar Sh'neihem" and "Asher Yarshi'un Elohim"?

(b) On what grounds does Rebbi Yonasan disagree with the first Pasuk?

(c) Then from where does *he* learn the third judge by Gezeilos and Chavalos (at least)?

(d) On what grounds do we refute the suggestion that they argue over whether, or not 'Dorshin Techilos'? If not from the basic word ("ha'Elohim"), how might Rebbi Yashiyah learn the third Dayan from there?

6)
(a) How does Rebbi Yonasan explain the Torah's use of the word "ha'Elohim"?

(b) What problem do we have with Rebbi Yashiyah's rejection of Rebbi Yonasan's D'rashah?

(c) What does Rebbi Eiezer B'no B'no shel Rebbi Yossi ha'Gelili learn from the word "li'Netos Acharei Rabim le'Hatos"?

(d) We answer that Rebbi Yashiyah holds like Rebbi Yehudah in our Mishnah. What does Rebbi Yehudah say?

7)
(a) Rebbi Shimon in our Mishnah requires three judges with regard to 'Semichas Zekeinim' and 'Arifas Eglah Arufah'.
What does Rebbi Yehudah learn from the Pasuk in Vayikra (in connection with Semichas Zekeinim) "ve'Samchu" and "Ziknei"?

(b) How many judges does Rebbi Yehudah finally require there?

(c) How do we reconcile Rebbi Yehudah here with his own opinion (that we just cited), where he accepts a Beis-Din of seventy?

(d) And how do we now reconcile Rebbi Yashiyah, who, as we just explained, does not even require Netiyah by te Sanhedrin ha'Ketanah, with Rebbi Yehudah, who concedes that we do?

8)
(a) How does Rebbi Yashiyah then establish "li'Netos"?

(b) In that case, what is the significance of the three judges, seeing as he rejects the concept of 'le'Netos'?

(c) What does the Mishnah in 'Zeh Borer' rule in a case where ...

  1. ... two judges maintain that he is innocent (and does not deserveMalkos), and one, that he is guilty?
  2. ... two judges maintain that he is guilty, and one, that he is innocent?
(d) How is it now possible for this Mishnah could to conform with the opinion of Rebbi Yashiyah?
9)
(a) The Tana Kama in the Beraisa requires three for Diynei Mamonos.
What does Rebbi say?

(b) What objection do we raise to Rebbi's stated reason 'K'dei she'Yigamar ha'Din bi'Sheloshah'?

(c) So how do we amend it?

(d) If, Rebbi really requires a Beis-Din of three at the time of the G'mar-Din, what problem does Rebbi Avahu raise from ...

  1. ... the Sanhedrin ha'Gadol?
  2. ... the Sanhedrin ha'Ketanah?
10)
(a) What do we learn from the Pasuk in ...
  1. ... Beha'aloshca "Esfah Li Shiv'im Ish"?
  2. ... Mishpatim "ve'Shaftu ha'Eidah ... ve'Hitzilu ha'Eidah'?
  3. ... there "ve'Nikrav Ba'al ha'Bayis el ha'Elohim"?
(b) So we suggest that Rebbi learns five judges from the two Pesukim "Asher Yarshi'un Elohim" and "ad ha'Elohim Yavo D'var Sheneihem".
Why do we omit the first Pasuk "ve'Nikrav Ba'al ha'Bayis el ha'Elohim"?

(c) How does Rebbi learn it from those two Pesukim?

(d) How do the Rabbanan counter Rebbi? Why do they require only three judges and not five?

Answers to questions

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