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REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Sanhedrin 26

1)

(a) What do we learn from the Pasuk in Behar (in connection with Sh'mitah-fruit) "ve'Hayah Lachem le'Ochlah"?

(b) Initially, we interpret Rebbi Shimon in our Mishnah 'bi'Techilah Hayu Korin Osan Osfei Shevi'is' to mean that he invalidates Sochrei Shevi'is but validates Osfei Shevi'is.
What is the difference between the two?

(c) According to Rav Yehudah, what caused the Chachamim to decree on the Osfei Shevi'is too?

(d) Based on the Lashon 'mi'she'Rabu ha'Anasin', on what grounds do the B'nei Rachbah reject Rav Yehudah's interpretation?

2)
(a) So we explain Rebbi Shimon to mean that they initially disqualified Osfei Shevi'is as well as Sochrei Shevi'is.
What happened subsequently that caused them to be lenient with the Osfei Shevi'is? What is 'Arnona'?

(b) What authority did the Chachamim have to permit a Torah prohibition due to monetary considerations?

(c) What did Rebbi Yanai announce one Sh'mitah?

3)
(a) Resh Lakish met Rebbi Chiya bar Zarnuki and Rebbi Shimon ben Yehotzadak on their way to Asya.
What were they going to do there?

(b) Why did he decide to accompany them?

(c) What did he see that caused him to announce 'Kohen ve'Choresh'?

(d) What might they have meant when they vindicated the Kohen by stating 'Yachol Lomar Agiston be'Socho'?

4)
(a) And what did they reply when he spotted a man pruning his vineyard and announced 'Kohen ve'Chasach'?

(b) How did Resh Lakish react to their reply?

(c) On what grounds do we invert the order of the two incidents?

(d) Why, in both of the above incidents, did Resh Lakish assume that the tansgressors were Kohanim?

5)
(a) What does the Beraisa say about a Sa'ah of Terumah that fell into ...
  1. ... a hundred Sa'ah of Shemitah-produce?
  2. ... less than a hundred Sa'ah of Shemitah-produce?
(b) What concession would we have expected he Tana to make?

(c) Then why didn't he?

(d) On what basis were the Kohanim in particular, lax in this regard?

6)
(a) Rebbi Chiya bar Zarnuki and Rebbi Shimon ben Yehotzadak considered Resh Lakish a trouble-maker.
What did they do after arriving in Asya and ascending (via the ladder) to the attic, to work out the leap-year?

(b) What did Resh Lakish subsequently ask Rebbi Yochanan about them?

(c) Why did he reject his own suggestion that they were not worse than three Ro'ei Bakar, and that the Rabbanan accepted their decision on the basis of their own calculations?

(d) What was Rebbi Yochanan's reaction when Resh Lakish referred to the two as 'Kesher Resha'im'?

7)
(a) What did Rebbi Yochanan reply when Rebbi Chiya bar Zarnuki and Rebbi Shimon ben Yehotzadak asked him why he remained silent when Resh Lakish had referred to them as 'Ro'ei Bakar'(see Agados Maharsha)?

(b) Shevna lived in the time of Chizkiyah Hamelech.
If Chizkiyah would Darshen to 110,000 Talmidei-Chachamim, how many would attend Shevna's D'rashos?

(c) What did Shevna do during Sancheriv's siege of Yerushalayim?

(d) What did the Navi tell Chizkiyah, to dispel his fear that the minority of the city would be delivered into the hands of Sancheriv together with the majority? What do we prove from there?

8)
(a) Why does the Pasuk in Tehilim "Ki Hinei ha'Resha'im Yidrechun Keshes" (with reference to Shevna) use the Lashon "Keshes"?

(b) Why did Shevna go and dig himself a grave among the kings of Malchei Beis-David?

(c) What news did the Navi have for him?

(d) What does Rav extrapolate from the Lashon "Hinei Hashem Metaltelecha *Taltelah Gaver*"?

9)
(a) What does Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Chanina learn from the conclusion of the Pasuk "ve'Otyach *Atah*", based on the Pasuk in Tazri'a "ve'Al Safam *Ya'ateh*"?

(b) Why did his days end in disgrace?

(c) Why did Shevna alone surrender to Sancheriv?

(d) How did Sancheriv react to his claim that his followers had all betrayed him?

(e) What does Rebbi Elazar learn from the Pasuk there (in connection with Shevna) "Lech Na el ha'Sochen ha'Zeh" (based on the Pasuk in Melachim [in connection with Avishag ha'Shunamis] "Va'tehi Lo Sochenes")?

Answers to questions

26b---------------------------------------26b

10)

(a) The Pasuk in Tehilim that we quoted earlier concludes "Ki ha'Shasos Yeharesun, Tzadik Mah Pa'al". Both Rav Yehudah and Rav Einah agree that "Tzadik Mah Pa'al" refers to Hashem.
What does the Pasuk mean according to the one who ascribes "Ki ha'Shasos Yeharesun" to ...
  1. ... Chizkiyahu?
  2. ... the Beis-Hamikdash?
(b) And what does the Pasuk mean according to Ula, in whose opinion "Ki ha'Shasos Yeharesun refers to Shevna"?

(c) What does "ha'Shasos" mean according to the one who ascribes it the Beis-Hamikdash?

(d) And what do we learn from the Pasuk in Shmuel (with reference to the Tzadikim) "Ki la'Hashem Metzukei Eretz *va'Yashes* Aleihem Teivel"?

11)
(a) In the Pasuk in Yeshayah "Hifli Eitzah Higdil Tushiyah", why does the Navi use the word "Tushiyah" in connection with Torah and those who study it"?

(b) Alternatively, it means that the Torah was given secretly, so that the S atan should not prosecute Yisrael (see Tosfos cited by Mesores ha'Shas). What does the word mean according to a third explanation, based on the acronym of its root letters 'Taf' and 'Shin'?

(c) What does Ula mean when he says that thoughts are efficient, even for words of Torah?

(d) When, according to Rabah, will those thoughts not be able to do that?

12)
(a) Rebbi Avahu Amar Rebbi Elazar rules like Rebbi Yehudah, who restricts the Pesulim in our Mishnah to those who have no other occupation.
What precondition does he require for most of the Pesulim to take effect?

(b) Which case might be the sole exception, because it is subject to a Machlokes between Rav Acha and Ravina?

(c) How will the one who learns that he *does* require Hachrazah, explain Rav Yehudah Amar Rav, who rules 'S'tam Ro'eh Pasul'?

(d) What objection did Rava raise when Rav Papa bar Shmuel wanted to validate a Gazlan's testimony, on the grounds that Beis-Din had not yet announced him to be Pasul?

13)
(a) What did Rav Nachman mean when he declared that 'Ochlei Davar Acher' are Pasul to testify? What is his reason?

(b) Rav Nachman's ruling does not apply to those who do so discreetly. When will it not even apply to those who do it openly?

14)
(a) What did Rav Sheishes comment, when Rav Nachman validated the testimony of someone who is suspect of having committed adultery?

(b) When, according to Rava, will even Rav Nachman agree with Rav Sheishes?

(c) Ravina (or Rav Papa) restricts this to testifying about the woman's divorce, but not about her marriage.
Why might we have thought otherwise?

(d) Why is that?

15)
(a) What is a 'Ganav Nisan' and a 'Ganav Tishri'?

(b) Given that Rav Nachman is talking specifically about an Aris (a share-cropper), why does he not consider him a Ganav (with regard to testifying or judging)?

(c) Which two additional conditions does he require for this lenient ruling to take effect?

(d) Bearing in mind Rav Nachman's previous ruling, why did Rav Z'vid disqualify one of his workers for stealing a Kav of barley, and another, for stealing a ball of wool.

16)
(a) What did Rav Papa do to those two undertakers who buried someone on the first day of Shavu'os?

(b) How did Rav Huna B'rei de'Rav Yehoshua explain to Rav Papa why he overturned his ruling and permitted them to testify? Why were they not considered Resha'im?

(c) And what did he reply when Rav Papa asked him further why they had not realized from the Niduy that he placed on them after the first time that they had sinned?

Answers to questions

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