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REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Sanhedrin 35

1)

(a) What does Rav Shimi bar Chiya learn from the Pasuk in Balak "ve'Hoka Osam la'Hashem Neged ha'Shemesh"?

(b) What does "ve'Hoka Osam" mean?

(c) Rav Chisda learns from the Pasuk in Shmuel "ve'Hoka'num la'Hashem be'Giv'as Pinchas" that "Hoka" means hanging.
How does he learn it from there? Which second Pasuk does he bring as a support?

(d) Why did Ritzpah bas Ayah leave the seven corpses of Sha'ul's decendants hanging over the summer? Why was this not a contravention of the La'av of "Lo Salin Nivlaso"?

2)
(a) Why did Moshe hang those who died by Ba'al Pe'or?

(b) In the Pasuk "Kach es Rashei ha'Am ve'Hoka Osam Neged ha'Shemesh", what is the significance of the "Rashei ha'Am"? Did they sin too?

(c) Why can we not attribute the need for many Batei-Din to the fact that one Beis-Din is forbidden to sentence two people to death on the same day?

(d) Then why did Moshe find it necessary to do so?

3)
(a) What does Rebbi Chanina learn from the Pasuk in Yeshayah "Meleisi Mishpat, Tzedek Yalin Bah ve'Atah Meratzchim"?

(b) What does the Pasuk mean?

(c) How does Rava learn the same Chidush from the Pasuk there "Ishru Chamotz"?

(d) How will Rebbi Chanina then explain the Pasuk "Ishru Chamotz"?

4)
(a) Rava will explain the Pasuk "Meleisi Mishpat" like Rebbi Elazar Amar Rebbi Yitzchak.
What does the latter say about a Ta'anis on which one does not give Tzedakah on the night after the Ta'anis?

(b) Under which circumstances will this description not apply?

5)
(a) We learned in our Mishnah 'Lefichach Ein Danin be'Erev Shabbas ... '.
Why can they not judge him on Erev Shabbos ...
  1. ... and conclude on Erev Shabbos?
  2. ... conclude on Shabbos and put him to death on Shabbos?
  3. ... conclude on Shabbos and put him to death on Motza'ei Shabbos?
  4. ... conclude on Shabbos and put him to death on Sunday?
  5. ... conclude on Sunday and put him to death on Sunday?
(b) Why are we afraid of that, seeing as the two Sofrim recorded everything anyway?
Answers to questions

35b---------------------------------------35b

6)

(a) The Torah writes in Naso (in connection with a Nazir) "le'Aviv u'le'Imo,l'Achiv ve'le'Achoso ... Lo Yitama".
Bearing in mind that "ve'la'Achoso" is the last of the D'rashos in this group, what do we learn from it?

(b) Based on that D'rashah, Resh Lakish asked Rebbi Yochanan why a Meis Mitzvah should not override Shabbos from a 'Kal va'Chomer'.
Which 'Kal va'Chomer'?

(c) What did Rebbi Yochanan mean when he answered 'Retzichah (putting to death someone who is Chayav Miysah) Tochi'ach'?

(d) What do we learn from the Pasuk in Mishpatim ...

  1. ... "(me'Im) Mizbechi Tikachenu La'mus"?
  2. ... "me'Im (Mizbechi Tikachenu La'mus)"?
7)
(a) Resh Lakish asked Rebbi Yochanan further that Retzichah itself should override Shabbos from a 'Kal va'Chomer'.
Which 'Kal va'Chomer'?

(b) Rebbi Yochanan answered him from a Tana de'Bei Rebbi Yishmael.
What does Rebbi Yossi mean when he explains that when the Torah singles out the La'av of "Lo Se'va'aru Eish be'Chol Moshvoseichem" (and does not just rely on "Lo Sa'asu Kol Melachah"), 'le'La'av Yatzas'?

(c) What does Rebbi Nasan say?

8)
(a) If, in view of the Machlokes between Rebbi Yossi and Rebbi Nasan, Rebbi Yishmael does not have a problem as a whole with this Pasuk, what problem does he have with the word "Moshvoseichem"?

(b) What quandary faces Rebbi Yishmael in another Beraisa regarding the Pasuk (in Shoftim) "Ki Yih'yeh be'Ish Chet Mishpat Maves ve-Humas", and that of "Mechalelehah Mos Yumas" (Ki Sisa)?

(c) Before resolving the She'eilah, he adds 'O Eino Ela Afilu be'Shabbos'. This appears to be synonymous with the first side of the She'eilah.
Why does he repeat it?

(d) How does he resolve his quandary from the 'Gezeirah-Shavah' "Lo Seva'aru Eish be'Chol Moshvoseichem" (Vayakhel) from "ve'Hayu Eileh Lachem le'Chukas Mishpat be'Chol Moshvoseichem" (Mas'ei)?

9) It now follows, comments Abaye, that, since Retzichah does not override Shabbos, it should not override Avodah either.
How will Abaye then explain the Pasuk "me'Im Mizbechi Tikachenu La'mus"?

10)

(a) Based on what we just learned, and given that according to him, 'Nedarim u'Nedavos Kereivin be'Yom-Tov', how does Rava prove from a 'Kal-va'Chomer that Retzichah ought not to override a Korban Yachid?

(b) What does "me'Im Mizbechi Tikachenu La'mus" therefore teach us?

(c) Why would we not need this Chidush, according to those who hold 'Nedarim u'Nedavos Ein Kereivin be'Yom-Tov'?

11)
(a) Rava concludes that in any event, even those who hold 'Nedarim u'Nedavos Ein Kereivin be'Yom-Tov', have to agree that "me'Im Mizbechi" must be speaking about a Korban Tzibur.
Why is that?

(b) How does he then counter Abaye's Kashya from the 'Kal va'Chomer'?

Answers to questions

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