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REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Sanhedrin 83

1)

(a) The Beraisa lists many Avodos that are subject neither to Zarus nor to Tum'ah. The first six pertain to the Minchah: 'ha'Yotzek, ve'ha'Bollel, ve'ha'Poses, ha'Mole'ach, ha'Meinif ha'Meigish'.
What does 've'ha'Poses' mean? To which kind of Menachos did it pertain?

(b) When the Kohen would perform 'Hagashah', where did he take the Minchah to?

(c) The remaining four Avodos incorporate 'ha'Mesader es ha'Shulchan, ha'Meitiv es ha'Neiros, ha'Kometz (which also pertains to the Minchah) ve'ha'Mekabel Damim ba'Chutz'.
What do they all have in common? Why do the Chiyuvim of Zarus and Tum'ah not pertain to them?

(d) Which other two Isurim are they not subject to?

2)
(a) And what will be the Din if the Kohen performs any of the above outside its allotted place?

(b) What is the final Avodah that has still to follow ...

  1. ... all the above-mentioned Avodos of the Minchah?
  2. ... arranging the Lechem ha'Panim on the table
  3. ... preparing the Menorah during the day?
  4. ... receiving the blood?
(c) With regard to Avodas Chutz, besides Shechitah ('Asher Yishchat ... ' [in Acharei-Mos]), which other two Avodos are specifically mentioned?
3)
(a) We extrapolate from the Beraisa 'Ha Miktar, Chayav'.
What do we try and prove from there that will pose a Kashya on Rav Sheishes (who holds that Kohen she'Shimesh be'Tum'ah is not Chayav Miysah)?

(b) Why can Zar (mentioned together with Tumah in the Beraisa) not possibly be only a La'av?

(c) How do we then counter the argument on the above suggestion, that seeing as Zar is Chayav Miysah, so is Tum'ah?

4)
(a) What is the problem with saying that Yotzek and Bolel and the other things in the above list do not even transgress a La'av?

(b) So how do we interpret the Beraisa (to accommodate Rav Sheishes)?

(c) How do we finally prove Rav Sheishes wrong?

(d) And how do we know that the Pasuk "Kedoshim Yiheyu ve'Lo Yechalelu" refers to Avodah she'Einah Tamah and not to Avodah Tamah?

5)
(a) The Tana lists eleven cases of Chiyuv Miysah (bi'Yedei Shamayim). Besides ...
  1. ... someone who eats Tevel and a Kohen who eats Terumah, who else does he include among those who are Chayav for eating Terumah?
  2. ... Zar and Tamei she'Shimesh, which two other branches of Tamei people are Chayav Miysah for eating Terumah?
(b) What do we learn from the Pasuk in Emor ...
  1. ... "vi'Yenazru mi'Kodshei (B'nei Yisrael) ve'Lo Yechalelu"?
  2. ... "B'nei Yisrael"?
(c) Why can "B'nei Yisrael" not be coming to preclude the Kodshim of Nochrim and of women?

(d) Included in the list are also Mechusar Begadim and she'Lo Rachutz Yadayim ve'Raglayim. What are the last two items on the list?

(e) What is considered 'Peru'ei Rosh'?

6)
(a) From where do we know that one is Chayav for ...
  1. ... Mechusar Begadim?
  2. ... she'Lo Rachutz Yadayim ve'Raglayim?
(b) What do an Areil, an Onen and someone who serves sitting, all have in common? What punishment are they subject to?

(c) Does this mean that they do not invalidate the Avodah?

(d) According to Rebbi, a blemished Kohen who serves or someone who uses Hekdesh (Heizid bi'Me'ilah) receives Miysah.
What do the Rabbanan say?

7)
(a) What does Shmuel in the name of Rebbi Elazar extrapolate from the future tense used by the Pasuk "vi'Yechalelu es Kodshei B'nei Yisrael es Asher *Yarimu* la'Hashem"?

(b) How do we then know that Tevel is Chayav Miysah?

(c) We ask why we do not learn the 'Gezeirah-Shavah' from Nosar.
What would the Kohen be Chayav if we did?

(d) We prefer to learn Tevel from Terumah and not from Nosar, 'she'Kein Terumah, Chutz la'Aretz, Hutrah, be'Rabim, Peiros, Pigul ve'Nosar'. So both Terumah and Tevel have the same name and neither ever applied outside Eretz Yisrael.
Does this mean that Nosar could occur in Chutz la'Aretz, even during the time when the Beis-Hamikdash stood?

(e) They are both fruits of the grounds, which Nosar is not; neither do Pigul and Nosar pertain to them, since they are both not Kodshim.
What is the meaning of ...

  1. ... 'Hutrah'?
  2. ... 'ba'Rabim'?
8)
(a) We counter that, to the contrary, we ought to learn Tevel from Nosar 'she'Kein P'sul Ochel ve'she'Ein Heter be'Mikvah', meaning that for these two reasons it would be better to learn Tevel from Nosar than from Terumah.
What is the meaning of ...
  1. ... 'she'Kein P'sul Ochel'?
  2. ... 'she'Ein Heter be'Mikvah'?
(b) The obvious answer to the Kashya is that Tevel has more advantages over Nosar than vice-versa.
How does Ravina answer the Kashya (even assuming that it did not)?

(c) What does ...

  1. ... Shmuel learn from the Pasuk in Emor "ve'Shamru es Mishmarti" ve'Lo Yis'u Alav Chet?
  2. ... Rebbi Elazar learn from the Pasuk there "u'Meisu Bo Ki Yechaleluhu"?
(d) What is the reasoning behind this last D'rashah?
Answers to questions

83b---------------------------------------83b

9)

(a) What did Rav Kahana and Rav Asi ask Rav when he said 'Zar she'Achal es ha'Terumah Lokeh'?

(b) What did Rav reply?

(c) How will Rav then explain the Beraisa 've'Eilu Hein she'be'Miysah Zar ha'Ochel es ha'Terumah'?

10)
(a) We know that a Zar she'Shimesh is Chayav Miysah from the Pasuk in Korach "ve'ha'Zar ha'Kareiv Yumas".
How did Rav Yosef, in reply to Rav Chiya bar Avin's request for the source of Tamei she'Shimesh, derive it from the Pasuk there "Daber el Aharon ve'el Banav, vi'Yenazru mi'Kodshei B'nei Yisrael ve'Lo Yechalalu es Sheim Kodshi"?

(b) Again we ask 've'Neilef "Chilul" "Chilul" mi'Nosar'? And we answer 'Mistavra mi'Terumah she'Kein Guf, Tamei, Mikveh, Rabim.'
How do we answer the Kashya 'Adraba, mi'Nosar Havah Leih le'Meilaf she'Kein Kodesh, P'nim, Pigul, Nosar'?

(c) What does 'P'nim' mean?

(d) Bearing in mind that we just learned Tamei she'Shimesh from "vi'Yenazru", what does Rebbi Sima'i in a Beraisa learn from the Pasuk, also in Emor, "Kedoshim Yiheyu ... ve'Lo Yechalalu"?

11)
(a) What does Rebbi Avahu Amar Rebbi Yochanan (possibly in the name of Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar) learn from the Pasuk in Tetzaveh "ve'Chagarta Osam Avneit ve'Haysah Lahem Kehunah ... "?

(b) How does Rav Huna extrapolate from the Pasuk in Tazri'a (in connection with the Korban of a woman who gave birth) "ve'Chiper Alehah ha'Kohen ve'Taheirah" that a Mechusar Kipurim who serves in the Beis-Hamikdash is Chayav Miysah?

(c) And from where do we know that the same applies to a Kohen who serves ...

  1. ... without washing his hands and feet?
  2. ... after having drunk wine?
  3. ... with a growth of hair of thirty days?
Answers to questions

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