We find (Chagigah 17a) that the Torah permits the Korbanos of Shavuos (the
Korban Chagigah and the Korban Re'iyah) to be brought during the six days
(days of "Tashlumin") immediately following the Yom Tov of Shavuos if one
was unable to bring them on Yom Tov. In a sense, these days are like the
days of Chol ha'Mo'ed of Pesach and Sukos, during which the Korbanos of the
Regel (Olas Re'iyah, Korban Chagigah) may still be brought.
When the Korbanos of Shavuos are brought during the six days after the Yom
Tov, do all of the Mishmaros share them? On the one hand, those Korbanos are
definitely being brought because of the festival. On the other hand, it is
not Yom Tov (and there is no reason for the Mishmaros to be in the Mikdash
at this time). Will those Korbanos be distributed among all of the Mishmaros
of Kohanim? (ARUCH LA'NER 55b)
(a) The ARUCH LA'NER infers from the wording of the RAMBAM (Hilchos Temidim
u'Musafim 4:13) that the days of Tashlumin of Shavuos are *not* like the
festival itself, and thus the Mishmaros do not divide the Korbanos of the
festival brought during those days. The Rambam writes that if Shavuos fell
on a Thursday, then on the following Shabbos, the Mishmar of that week
receives the Lechem ha'Panim (10 out of the 12 Chalos). Obviously, the
Rambam learns that the days of Tashlumin of Shavuos are not considered days
of the festival, because if they were, then all of the Mishmaros should
share the Lechem ha'Panim.
However, the Yerushalmi (Chagigah 2:4, also cited by the Mishneh l'Melech in
Hilchos Klei ha'Mikdash 4:5) cites an argument between Rebbi Yochanan and
Reish Lakish, who argue over who receives the hides of the Korbanos brought
on the "Yom Tevo'ach" which follows Shavuos when Shavuos is a Shabbos. ("Yom
Tevo'ach" refers to the Sunday following Shavuos when it falls on Shabbos.
Since the Korbanos of Shavuos cannot be brought on Shabbos, all the Korbanos
of the festival are instead brought on the first day after Shavuos on which
they can be brought, Sunday.) Rebbi Yochanan says that the Korbanos are
split among all the Mishmaros, while Reish Lakish says that only the Mishmar
of that week gets them. The Halachah normally follows Rebbi Yochanan's
ruling when he argues with Reish Lakish. Why, then, does the Rambam imply
that they are *not* distributed to all the Kohanim, like Reish Lakish?
The Aruch la'Ner suggests that the Machlokes in the Yerushalmi applies only
to the "Yom Tevo'ach," and not to all of the days of Tashlumin. The Rambam
would agree that on the "Yom Tevo'ach," everyone receives a share of the
Korbanos. (However, the Yerushalmi seems to connect Rebbi Yochanan's opinion
that all of the Mishmaros receive a share of the Korbanos on the "Yom
Tevo'ach" to his statement that Shavuos has Tashlumin for six days after Yom
Tov.)
(b) RASHI seems to argue with the Rambam and rules like the Yerushalmi, that
the days of Tashlumin of Shavuos are considered like the festival with
regard to distributing the Korbanos among all of the Mishmaros.
Rashi (DH Bein Milfaneha) explains that when the Mishnah says that when
Shabbos immediately follows Yom Tov the Korbanos are distributed among all
of the Mishmaros, it is referring to the Shabbos that immediately follows
*Shemini Atzeres*. The TOSFOS YOM TOV asks why Rashi explains the Mishnah as
specifically referring to Sukos, when it seems to apply to all of the
Regalim, like the previous Mishnah?
The answer might be that if the Mishnah was discussing all of the festivals
(like the previous statement in the Mishnah), including Shavuos, then that
would pose a problem. Why does the Mishnah say that when Shabbos is the day
after the festival the Korbanos are split equally? This implies that if
Shabbos is two days after the festival, then they do not split it equally,
but they go to the Mishmar of that week. Why would they not split the
Korbanos equally? Since it is still within the six days after Shavuos, the
days are considered like Shavuos itself and the Korbanos should be given out
equally, like the Yerushalmi concluded according to Rebbi Yochanan! It must
be that this statement of the Mishnah is referring back to the festival of
Sukos (i.e. the topic of the rest of the Maseches), and it is not a
continuation of the previous Mishnah, which relates to all of the festivals.
(M. Kornfeld)