Previous daf

1)

(a) Rebbi Yochanan requires at least *twenty-four* people to be able to sit round the inside of the walls of a round Sukah. The Gemara asks that even according to Rebbi, *twelve* should suffice - because of the principle that the diameter of a circle with a circumference of *four* Tefachim, is *one* Tefach. Conversely, in our case, since the diameter of the Sukah is *four* Amos, its circumference must be *twelve*.

(b) We reject this Kashya on the grounds that we are talking about a *square* of four by four, not a *circle* - in which case one will be able to seat more than twelve people.

(c) A square is a quarter again (twenty-five per-cent) larger than the circle which it surrounds, in which case one could seat *sixteen* people round the Sukah, and not just *twelve* (We could have arrived at this figure much more directly; however, the Gemara sticks to the method with which it is currently involved: that of the square/circle relationship).

(d) But this is wrong, asserts the Gemara - since Rebbi requires a full four by four Amos (i.e. a minimum of four Amos at any given point). Consequently, we have to contend, not with a circle *within* a square, but with one that *surrounds* it. In that case, the diagonal of the square (i.e. the diameter of the circle) must be 1 2/5 Amah per Amah (i.e. 5 3/5 Amos) giving us an area of 16 4/5 Amos round the inside of the circle.

(a) We reject the suggestion that Rebbi Yochanan is only giving a rough measurement - on the grounds that we would say that only if the discrepancy was very slight, but not here, where it is as much as *twenty-four* (Amos) instead of *16 4/5*!

(b) Mar Keshisha has a simple solution to our problem. He disagrees with Rebbi Yochanan, maintaining that, in fact, *three* people sit per *two* Amos (and not *one* person per *Amah*). In his opinion, sixteen people will be able to sit in such a Sukah, and the Sukah will be Kasher if it is sixteen square Amos instead of 16 3/5 (only a slight discrepancy, which we can accept). But this too, we refute - on the grounds that it is not feasible for an Amora, to give an approximation that is more *lenient* than the real figure (i.e. to permit a round Sukah of *sixteen* Amos instead of *16 3/5*); it would have been in order had he said *seventeen* Amos, but not *sixteen*.

(c) We conclude that when Rebbi Yochanan gave a figure of twenty-four, he was really referring to the *outside* of the circle - and if the diameter of the *outside* of the circle is *eight* Amos, then that of the *inside* (which will be one Amah less on each side, due to the fact that a person takes up an Amah space) will be *six*. Consequently, the circumference of the Sukah will be *eighteen* Amos.

(a) This is indeed slightly more than the 16 4/5 of Rebbi's four by four Amah Sukah - however, it is now possible to say that Rebbi Yochanan only gave an approximate figure - 'le'Chumra (a diameter of six Amos instead of 5 3/5.

(b) The Dayanim of Caesaria have a radical way of answering Rebbi Yochanan - they concede that a square around a circle has a circumference of a *quarter* more than the circle; but a *circle* around a square, they say, adds a *half* to the circumference (and not a *third*), in which case the diameter of the four by four round Sukah of Rebbi will be, not *5 3/5* Amos (as Rebbi Yochanan maintains), but *six*, just as Rebbi Yochanan said. (But the Dayanim of Caesaria are mistaken, because the a circle that surrounds a square is proven to be a *third* more than the square, and not a *half*.)

4)

(a) Potters used to have two huts ...

1. ... the inner hut - where they lived and where they kept their pots.
2. ... the outer one - where they manufactured the pots.

(b) They could not be Yotze Sukah in the inner hut - because the potter lived there the whole year, and it was not apparent that he was now living there to fulfill the Mitzvah of Sukah.

(c) A gate-house that leads into the house - requires a Mezuzah.

(d) The potter's outer hut did not require a Mezuzah - because the inner hut into which it led, was itself not fixed.

(a) Sukas 'Ga'n'ba'ch' is the acronym of four valid Sukos - those of Goyim, Nashim, Beheimah and Kutim (after the Chachamim gave them the Din of a gentile), all of whom are Patur from Sukah.

(b) They are all Kasher, provided they are constructed in order to give shade.

(c) Sukas 'Mikol Makom', which comes to include 'Sukas 'Ra'k'ba'sh' is Kasher too, under the same condition. The 'Shin' stands for Sukas Shomrim and the Resh for Ro'im (shepherds); A Sukas ...

1. ... Kayatzim' - is a hut for people who are guarding figs drying in the field.
2. ... Burganin' - for the town guards to rest in.

(d) If two Beraisos had not specifically included each one, we would have thought that, even though 'Sukas ...

1. ... 'Ga'n'ba'ch' is eligible, 'Sukas 'Ra'k'ba'sh' is not - because they are not fixed like those of 'Ga'n'ba'ch'.
2. ... is eligible, 'Sukas 'Ga'n'ba'ch' is not - because the owners are not obligated like those of 'Ra'k'ba'sh'.