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1) [line 5] MATLIS - a small piece of cloth

2) [line 5] PECHUSAH MI'SHALOSH - less than three by three Etzba'os (SHALOSH AL SHALOSH)
(a) A cloth must be at least three Etzba'os square in order to become Tamei Mes (see Background to Bava Kama 105:13) or Tamei Sheretz (see Background to Bava Metzia 58:26), since it is still fit for use by the poor. One Etzba = approximately 1.9, 2.0 or 2.4 cm, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions. A cloth that is smaller than this is Tahor, and not fit to become Tamei, due to its insignificance.
(b) With regard to Tum'as Midras (see below, entry #17), the minimum size of a cloth must be three *Tefachim* square in order to become Tamei Midras. A cloth is the only material that has this distinction; the minimum sizes for all other materials are measured in Tefachim, whether for Tum'as Mes, Midras, etc. (The word "Etzba'os" is feminine; therefore the Gemara uses *Shalosh* for Etzba'os. "Tefachim" is masculine, therefore the Gemara uses *Sheloshah* for Tefachim.)

3) [line 7] CHASHIV ALEI - he can intend for it to be used [as a patch for his garment, and once it has been designated for that purpose, it will be able to become Tamei]

4) [line 9] (L'TZURAH) L'TZAYARO - to embroider a design on it (to make it a decorative cloth)

5) [line 10] MAVTIL LEI - [if he wants,] he can annul it [from its purpose as being embroidered as a decorative cloth, and once it is designated as a normal cloth, it is fit to become Tamei]

6) [line 13] UTZVA - a rug [used for sitting or reclining on]
7) [line 13] L'KATZ'AH - (O.F. redognier) to trim it (and make it round at the edges)

8) [line 23] D'VAR GEREIRAH HU - it is an item [that is cleaned with] scraping (as opposed to washing with water)

9) [line 25] LISHLESHES - an offensive or putrid substance, e.g. saliva or excrement (see also ARUCH as quoted by Tosfos here)

10) [line 26] MEKANCHAH BI'SEMARTUT - he may wipe it with a rag
11) [line 27] AD SHE'TICHLEH - until it is finished
12) [line 29] MECHABSO - he should clean it with water
13) [line 29] MEGARERO - he should scrape it clean
14) [line 32] ZIMNIN SAGI'IN - many times
15) [line 32] V'SHACHSHICHI - and they scrubbed
16) [line 33] MESANEI - his shoes
17a) [line 37] B'RAKIN - it is discussing soft leather (which is water-washable)
b) [line 37] B'KASHIN - it is discussing hard leather

18) [line 40] NEIKU - are we to establish [and say that the verse is discussing only soft leather]

19) [line 42] ACHSALGAYA - (a) hardened leather (RASHI); (b) a type of utensil [made of leather] that comes from a place called Achsalgaya (or Achsalgus, or Achsalgim) (TOSFOS Menachos 97a, DH Kli)

20) [line 44] DEMI'GUFEI KA PARCHAH - because it (Tzora'as) sprouts from his body

21) [line 45] MECHALCHELA - it penetrates and makes holes [in the skin]

22a) [line 1] KARIM - bolsters, mattresses
b) [line 1] KESASOS - pillows, pillow-cases
23) [line 3] KISKUS - rubbing two parts of the item together in order to clean it, or any act of rubbing the item rigorously in order to clean it

24) [line 8] SHERIYASO ZEHU KIBUSO - its soaking is its cleaning
25) [line 10] ZARAK [ZERA] PISHTAN - [one who] threw flax seed
26) [line 12] DE'MEKADE'ACH - because it sprouts
27) [line 12] CHITEI V'SA'AREI - wheat and barley
28) [line 13] IS LEHU RIREI - they (flax seeds) produce strands of a sticky
substance

29) [line 13] SHELACHIM - (a) non-processed hides (RASHI); (b) SHECHALIM - a type of cress (TOSFOS, SHITAH MEKUBETZES)

30) [line 14] KA'AVID LISHAH - he is doing an act of Lishah, kneading (or combining particles with liquid to form a dough or paste), one of the thirty-nine prohibited Melachos of Shabbos (see Background to Shabbos 73:6)

31) [line 14] MIN'AL - a shoe
32) [line 18] HADAR UKI RAVA AMORA ALEI V'DARASH - Rava immediately appointed a Meturgeman to teach in his name, and he taught. A Meturgeman is (a) the person who repeats in a loud voice the words of the Rav, who lectures in a low voice (RASHI to Berachos 56a); (b) the person who *translates into Aramaic* the words of the Rav, who delivers the Shi'ur in a low voice *in Hebrew* (RASHI to Yoma 20b)

33) [line 19] TA'US - [the things that I told you were] a mistake
34) [line 20] BERAM - in truth
35) [line 27] LIFNIM - inside the Heichal

36) [line 31] CHATAS DI'SHEMI'AS HA'KOL - the Korban Chatas brought to atone for the transgression of Shemi'as Kol, which is not punishable with Kares (SHEMI'AS KOL/SHEVU'AS HA'EDUS)
(a) One of the litigants in a court case has the right to force a person to take an oath when he feels that the person is concealing testimony about the case. The oath that the alleged witness takes to claim that he is not harboring any testimony is called a Shevu'as ha'Edus (Vayikra 5:1).
(b) For example, a person asks two witnesses to testify on his behalf, in order to oblige the opposing litigant to pay him. The witnesses deny all knowledge of the case and even swear in court to that effect. If they admit afterwards that they did know testimony, they must bring a Korban Oleh v'Yored. If they are wealthy they each bring a female sheep or female goat. If they cannot afford the animal, they may each bring two turtledoves or two common doves, one as a Chatas and one as an Olah. If they cannot even afford birds, they may each bring an offering of 1/10 of an Eifah of flour as a Minchas Chatas (ibid. 5:5-13).

37) [line 35] CHAD MI'TREI TELASA - [the Mishnah is listing only] one out of another two or three [stringencies that the Korban Chatas has over other Kodshei Kodashim]]

38) [line 37] KOR'O - he should tear it (in order to take away its status of a usable garment, thus causing it to become Tahor and be permitted to be brought into the Azarah)

39) [line 40] NOKVO - he should drill a hole in it
40) [line 43] POCHASO - he should diminish its form
41) [line 45] DI'MESHAYEIR BEI - he leaves in it
42) [line 45] KEDEI MA'AFORES - enough to be used as an apron (or scarf) (Rashi explains that he tears the garment with one long tear, stopping before he tears the garment in half, leaving intact enough of the garment to be used as an apron)

43) [last line] CHIBUR - it is a connecting element (that serves to make the entire garment whole, and thus it remains Tamei)

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