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POSITIVE STRUCTURING OF COMMUNICATION
- July '02/Tammuz-Av 5762

You can say things in ways that are constructive, neutral or destructive. The Torah is always concerned with expressing itself with the utmost possible brevity. When a wording is longer than need be, there is always an extra lesson there. When the Torah refers to unkosher animals, it says "lo tahor (not kosher)." Why does the Torah not say "tamay" (the one-word Torah-term for "unkosher")? When Rambam wants to say a behavior or lifestyle is evil, he says "lo tov (not good)." Why does the sage not write "ra (evil)?" Why do Chazal refer to a blind person as "abundant with light?" Why does halacha require us to call an ugly bride "beautiful and charming?" The Torah wants speech to only be in the nicest, cleanest and most tactful possible way; even if it means being less precise, efficient or concise. "Each person should always get along sweetly with all other people (Kesuvos 17a)." The Torah (Genesis 37:24) says that the brothers threw Yosef into a pit that "was empty with no water in it." The Talmud (Shabos 22a) asks why the Torah states the seeming redundancy of 1. empty 2. with no water in it. The Talmud says that the pit was empty OF WATER only, but the pit contained snakes and scorpions. Rabbi Zalman Sorotskin, late head of the Vaad HaYeshivos in Israel, explains that snakes and scorpions are a distasteful thing, so the Torah words itself in a nice way: "there was no water in the pit." This teaches us that when we speak about people, we should only speak about what is good about them, and never speak about what is bad about people. How beautifully it would affect marriages if partners only saw the good in each other and only spoke well of - and to - each other!

When King Avimelech took Sara from Avraham (thinking she was his sister), G-d threatened to kill him if he would not return Sara untouched immediately. Avimelech defended himself saying, "I did this with innocent heart and with clean hands." G-d replied, "I know you did this with innocent heart (Genesis 20:5-6)." Although Avimelech was innocent at heart, in that he did not know Sara was married, he did act with lascivious intentions - with "filthy hands." Hashem merely omitted reference to Avimelech's "alleged clean hands." This was enough to make the negative point, while only using words that are positive.

What is truth?...what G-D WANTS! Generally, G-d wants peace, unity, love, respect, pleasantness. The Torah (Genesis 18:10-13) reports that Heaven sent three angels to visit Avraham when he was 99 years old to tell him that he was going to have a son in one year. Sara, 89, was right behind and heard. She laughed within herself and said that HER HUSBAND was too old. G-d came to Avraham and said that Sara said that SHE was too old to have a child. If G-d was interested in defining truth in marriage as "accurate reporting," He would have quoted to Avraham what Sara TRULY said: HER HUSBAND is too old to have a child. Marital peace is so important that G-d Himself changed Sara's words so as to not in any way diminish peace between Avraham and Sara (Yevamos 65b).

Consider how important marital peace is. We have a couple who were 99 and 89 years old. They'd been married for decades. On top of that, they were uncle and niece - family even before marriage. Didn't they know each other and have a secure relationship already? Even so, G-d Himself, with their established and deep relationship, manipulated the report so as to accord with ULTIMATE TRUTH, G-D'S TRUTH: PEACE COMES BEFORE ACCURACY - IN DEFINING OR SPEAKING TRUTH.

How we speak impacts how we are understood. In 1930, Poland's Minister of Education declared that any religious ordination would require a college degree. For yeshivas, forced secular education would be a catastrophe. The Torah community asked the elderly Chafetz Chayim to appeal to the minister. When the sage finished speaking (in Yiddish), the minister told the translator that he needn't bother explaining. Because the Chafetz Chayim SPOKE WITH SO MUCH HEART AND SINCERITY, the minister understood - and canceled the law.

The order in which you present elements can impact communication. After Avraham's binding of Yitzchok, Avraham sent a messenger to Sara to explain why they left suddenly for several days. The messenger said, "G-d told Avraham to sacrifice Yitzchok, it turned out to be only a test of Avraham's loyalty, so Yitzchok is fine." However, when Sara heard that G-d told Avraham to kill Yitzchok, she went into immediate, total shock. She never heard that her son was fine. This is how Sara died and why the story (in the Torah) of Sara's death follows right after the story of the binding of Yitzchok. We learn from this - in the communication domain - to FIRST say that a thing worked out just fine; when an element of a statement is frightening, negative or disastrous.

Consider timing, atmosphere, location, voice volume, word choices, the other's filters/biases and cultural background, blockages, perceptions and the medium (e.g. phone loses the characteristics of eye contact and physiological motion, writing loses vocal tonality). Think things through, to deliver your communications in the most constructive and effective manner, combining all elements so that expression of your message and the receiver's understanding optimally match. Factor in objective communication truths as well as the subjective elements in the party/ies to whom your communication is delivered.