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ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Berachos 41

Questions

1)

(a) When the two foods have different Berachos, one recites first the one Berachah and then the other.

(b) The Beraisa, which rules that the Berachah over the radish covers the olive (despite the fact that they require two different Berachos), speaks when the radish was the Ikar - i.e. when he intended to eat the radish alone, and it is only in order to dispel its strong taste, that he ate the olive as well.

(c) In a case when the two foods require *different* Berachos, they argue over which Berachah comes first: Rebbi Yehudah holds that one first recites the Berachah over the olive, whilst according to the Rabbanan, he recites first whichever he prefers.

(d)

1. If someone enters a house which has Tzara'as holding clothes or rings in his hands, he and the clothes become Tamei immediately. Not so the clothes and the ornaments that he is wearing: They only become Tamei if he waits in the house the amount of time it would take to eat an Achilas Peras (four egg-volumes) of wheat-bread with condiments, whilst he is leaning (each of these details diminishes the time of eating).
2. The bone of a corpse is Metamei by touching and by carrying (but not by Ohel) if it is the size of a barley.
3. The Shiur of the pits and the skin of grapes that a Nazir needs to eat in order to be Chayav (Malkus) is a Revi'is (of a Lug = one and a half egg-volumes) of wine (which is thicker than water, and therefore has more surface tension than water.
4. The Shiur for carrying on Shabbos as regards food is that of a 'ki'Gerogeres' (a dried fig).
5. Wooden vessels which break, no longer receive Tum'ah. Holes up to the size of a pomegranate, people still use the vessel, and it therefore still receives Tum'ah. Once it is the size of a pomegranate, the owner tends to throw it away, and it no longer receives Tum'ah. (These Dinim are confined to the vessels of private people, not to vessels that are sold in shops, where they tend to throw all broken vessels away, however small the hole.
6. The Shiur of most things is a Kezayis. The list includes Cheilev, blood, Nosar and Pigul.
7. The Shiur for which one is Chayav Kareis on Yom Kipur is that of a Koseves (a date).
41b---------------------------------------41b

Questions

2)

(a) According to the opinion that we need the Pasuk to list the order of priorities, the Shiurim are Halachah le'Moshe mi'Sinai, and the Pasuk, as we just explained it, is only an Asmachta.

(b) "De'vash", the last of the seven kinds, refers not to bees' honey, but to dates' honey.

3)
(a) Rav Chisda was concerned that Rav Hamnuna recited the Berachah over the dates which are the last mentioned in the Pasuk, and not over the pomegranates, which are mentioned earlier.

(b) Rav Hamnuna answered that, although pomegranates are mentioned before dates in the Pasuk, they are mentioned only fifth after the first "Eretz", whereas dates are mentioned first after the second "Eretz".

(c) 'Ma'an Yahiv Lan Nagri de'Parzela, ve'Nashme'inach', was Rav Chisda's way of saying that he wished that he could follow Rav Hamnuna wherever he went.

4)
(a) According to Rav Huna and Rav Nachman, fruit that is brought in the middle of the meal requires a Berachah before but not afterwards.

(b) 'Pas ha'Ba'ah be'Kisnin' is bread kneaded with spice, nuts and almonds, which they would bring together with roasted grains - after Bensching (according to Rashi - See Tosfos d.h. 'Ela').
That is the only thing over which one recites 'Mezonos' before eating it, but not 'Al ha'Michyah' afterwards. (It is unclear what that has to do with our Sugya, which is talking, not about not reciting a Berachah afterwards because of its 'Chashivus', but because it is covered by Bensching? - See Tosfos quoted earlier).

(c) Rebbi Chiya says that the Berachah over bread covers all food, and the Berachah over wine, all drinks.

5)
(a) Something which comes because of the meal refers to a food which is usually eaten together with bread.

(b) According to Rav Papa, food that comes because of the meal during the meal, require no Berachah at all, neither before nor afterwards.

(c)

1. Food which comes not because of the meal (which is usually not eaten together with bread- such as porridge, cabbage or spinach, which, in those days, were all considered to be not part of the meal), but during the meal, requires a Berachah before but not afterwards.

2. Whereas, food that is usually brought after the meal (such as fruit - even if it is now brought during the meal), requires a Berachah both before and afterwards (i.e. it is covered neither by 'Motzi' nor by 'Bensching').

(d) Ben Zoma explained that wine is different than other foods. It is not covered by 'Motzi, like other foods are, because it is important enough to fix itself a Berachah (even when one is not thirsty) - e.g. Kidush, Havdalah, weddings etc.
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