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1) [line 3] KERACHIN HA'MUKAFIN CHOMAH - large cities that are surrounded by a wall
2) [line 4] KEFARIM - villages
3) [line 6] YOM HA'KENISAH - Monday or Thursday, the days that the villagers came to the large cities to supply them with foodstuffs, or to go to court for judgment, since the courts convened on these two days (Bava Kama 82a)

4) [line 22] SHE'YESAPKU MAYIM - that they should supply water
5) [line 37] TREISAR U'TELEISAR - the twelfth and thirteenth [of Adar]
6) [line 38] ZEMAN KEHILAH LA'KOL HI - it was a time of gathering for everyone, (the Jews who lived in the walled cities and in the villages defended themselves and took revenge from their enemies in the time of Achashveirosh)

7) [line 40] SHITSAR V'SHIVSAR - the sixteenth and seventeenth [of Adar]
8) [line 45] REBBI AKIVA SETIMTA'AH - Rebbi Akiva, the unnamed authority; i.e. Rebbi recorded many Mishnayos that follow the opinion of Rebbi Akiva without quoting his name

9) [line 18] HA'YEHUDIM HA'PERAZIM - The Jews who live in the *open, spread out* (similar to the word Parutz) cities or villages

10a) [line 31] ASIYAH - making Purim into a holiday and eating a festive meal with wine
b) [line 31] ZECHIRAH - remembering the miracle by reading the Megilah
11) [line 51] KEME'CHAMESAN - a city in the Galilee, not far from Teveryah, that contained hot springs (Shabbos 109a), probably on the location of the modern-day *Chamei* Teveryah (Tiberius Hot Springs)

12) [line 51] TEVERYA - Tiberias, a city built by Herod Antipas in honor of the emperor Tiberias Julius Ceasar Augustus (Bereishis Rabah 23:1) approximately fifty years before the destruction of the Beis ha'Mikdash. It was called Teveryah by the Jews because it lies in the center of the country ("Tibur" means navel) and because it is a sight to behold ("Tovah Re'iyasah") (Megilah 6b). It was built on the cemetery of Chamesan (Shabbos 33b-34a), and some say on the remains of an ancient walled city.

13) [line 53] MANTZEPACH TZOFIN AMARUM - after their correct usage was forgotten, the prophets designated which of the two forms of the letters Mem, Nun, Tzadi, Peh, and Kaf (the letters which have a different shape if they are the last letter of a word) is to be used at the end of a word and which is to be used elsewhere in a word

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